Post-Surgery Fluid Intake Guidelines

10 Questions

Which type of surgery physically restricts the size of the stomach and slows down digestion?

Restrictive surgeries

What type of surgery is performed on the stomach and/or intestines to help a person with extreme obesity lose weight?

Bariatric surgery

What is another term used for adjustable gastric banding surgery in bariatric surgery?

Lap band surgery

When should the progression to solid feeds in the form of soft or regular diets be done post-surgery?

When intestinal peristalsis returns

What should be started when there is improvement post-surgery, along with milk and milk products?

Pudding, cream soups, and high protein beverages

Which clear fluids can be given after intestinal peristalsis returns to stimulate normal gastrointestinal function?

Water and clear fluids like tea and coffee

For whom is bariatric surgery an option according to the text?

People with a body mass index (BMI) above 40

What must be done in case of major tissue damage or trauma when a patient is unable to take sufficient oral feeds?

Parenteral feeding must be done

What types of surgeries are involved in bariatric procedures according to the text?

Restrictive surgeries and malabsorptive surgeries

How do restrictive surgeries work in bariatric procedures?

They physically restrict the size of the stomach and slow down digestion

Study Notes

Nutrition and Trauma

Under nutrition increases the likelihood of sepsis, multiple organ system failure, and death, and also delays wound healing.
Adequate nutrition allows normal responses that optimize wound healing and recovery.
Nutritional support should be provided before significant weight loss occurs.

Nutritional Requirements for Trauma Patients

Energy requirements are determined from standard tables based on age, sex, and body surface area, and adjusted for increase in metabolic rate due to injury or disease.
Protein requirements are 15-20% of calorie intake to achieve nitrogen balance.
Carbohydrates should provide 60% of caloric needs.
Fat should meet the rest of energy needs apart from protein and carbohydrates.
Multivitamins are given daily along with supplements of vitamin C, which is required in increased amounts after injury.

Burns

Thermal and chemical burns can occur due to contact with heat or chemicals, causing damage to the skin and underlying structures.
Severe surface burns can penetrate to deeper body structures, such as fat, muscle, or bone.
Burns can be classified based on extent, depth, patient age, and associated illness or injury.

Classification of Burns

First-degree burns: superficial reddening of the skin, no blistering, and regeneration of new skin tissue from epithelial cells.
Second-degree burns: erythema, blistering, and necrosis within the dermis.
Third-degree burns: total loss of skin including the fat layer, hair follicles, and sweat glands.

Post-Surgery Nutritional Care

Vitamins are required for wound healing after surgery, including supplements of vitamin C for tissue generation.
Vitamin K is essential for preventing blood loss.
Adequate intake of minerals, such as potassium and phosphorus, is necessary to replace losses and correct deficiencies.
Aggressive nutrition support is important to avoid post-operative complications and mortality.
Oral feedings should begin as soon as possible to provide adequate nutrition.