10 Questions
What is the primary use of opioids in surgical procedures?
To manage severe surgical pain
Which of the following is a post-operative side effect of opioids?
Urinary retention
What is the mechanism of action of neuromuscular blockers?
Blockade of nACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction
Which drug is used to prevent post-operative vomiting?
Metoclopramide
What is the purpose of muscarinic antagonists in anaesthesia?
To prevent excessive cholinergic effects
Why are opioids used pre- and post-operatively in surgical procedures?
Due to the severity of surgical pain
What is the primary consequence of excessive cholinergic effects in anaesthesia?
Salivation and bronchial secretions
Which of the following is a benefit of using muscarinic antagonists in anaesthesia?
Protection of the heart from arrhythmias
What is the primary mechanism of action of neuromuscular blockers in anaesthesia?
Blocking synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction
Why are antiemetic drugs used in anaesthesia?
To prevent post-operative vomiting
Study Notes
Analgesia
- Opioids are the primary choice for managing severe surgical pain, used both pre- and post-operatively
- Examples of opioids include morphine and fentanyl
- Post-operative side effects of opioids include:
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
- Respiratory depression
- Nausea and vomiting
Muscarinic Antagonists
- Prevent excessive cholinergic effects, such as:
- Salivation
- Bronchial secretions
- Protect the heart from arrhythmias caused by certain anesthetics, such as halothane
- Examples of muscarinic antagonists include:
- Atropine
- Hyoscine
Antiemetic Drugs
- Prevent post-operative vomiting
- Examples of antiemetic drugs include:
- Metoclopramide
- Prochlorperazine
Neuromuscular Blockers
- Prevent reflex-induced muscle contractions, particularly for:
- Abdominal surgery
- Thoracic surgery
- Facilitate tracheal intubation
- Mechanism of action: block synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction by targeting nACh receptors
Analgesia
- Opioids are the primary choice for managing severe surgical pain, used both pre- and post-operatively
- Examples of opioids include morphine and fentanyl
- Post-operative side effects of opioids include:
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
- Respiratory depression
- Nausea and vomiting
Muscarinic Antagonists
- Prevent excessive cholinergic effects, such as:
- Salivation
- Bronchial secretions
- Protect the heart from arrhythmias caused by certain anesthetics, such as halothane
- Examples of muscarinic antagonists include:
- Atropine
- Hyoscine
Antiemetic Drugs
- Prevent post-operative vomiting
- Examples of antiemetic drugs include:
- Metoclopramide
- Prochlorperazine
Neuromuscular Blockers
- Prevent reflex-induced muscle contractions, particularly for:
- Abdominal surgery
- Thoracic surgery
- Facilitate tracheal intubation
- Mechanism of action: block synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction by targeting nACh receptors
This quiz covers the management of pain after surgery, including the use of opioids, muscarinic antagonists, and antiemetic drugs to prevent common side effects.
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