Positive and Negative Filipino Values

Material Self and Self-Worth

• The material self encompasses physical possessions and the body, reflecting one's identity through what is owned.
• The bodily self includes the physical form, health, and anything related to one's immediate physical experience.
• Possessions serve a symbolic function, acting as extensions of self-identity and social status.
• The 'mere ownership effect' describes how people assign greater value to objects simply because they own them.
• Self-worth is defined as the intrinsic value one assigns to oneself, influencing self-perception and behavior.
• The material self is motivated to acquire and maintain possessions that enhance identity and status.
• Behavioral aspects of self-worth are often reflected in actions and decisions rather than just emotional responses.

Spirituality and Religion

• The primary focus of spirituality is personal growth and connection to a higher power or meaning.
• In Hinduism, 'atman' refers to the eternal soul or true self of an individual.
• The main difference between spirituality and religion lies in spirituality's individualistic approach compared to the communal and structured nature of religion.
• Rituals serve to foster community, express beliefs, and create meaning within both religious and spiritual contexts.
• In Muslim and Christian faiths, there is a common belief in the soul's immortality and accountability after death.

Meaning and Logotherapy

• The Greek word for meaning, central in logotherapy, is "logos."
• Life does not promise happiness; instead, it guarantees the opportunity to find meaningful existence.
• Three ways to find meaning in life through logotherapy include through experiences, suffering, and personal relationships.
• Core beliefs that guide motivations and decisions are known as values or principles.

Personal and Cultural Characteristics

• Characteristics defining a person's demeanor and thought processes are known as personality traits.
• The set of values historically significant to Filipinos is termed "Kapwa," reflecting interpersonal relationships and communal identity.
• A universal goal in Filipino communities is the strengthening of family ties and community support.
• Barriers to achieving a democratic culture include socio-economic disparities and lack of political education.

Digital Self and Sociocultural Factors

• The 'digital self,' according to Russel Belk, is constructed from online interactions and representations, shaped by social media.
• People often express themselves more online due to perceived anonymity and reduced social judgment.
• An example of toxic disinhibition is cyberbullying, where individuals engage in harmful behaviors without facing immediate repercussions.
• Corruption in democratic culture leads to a lack of trust and disengagement from political processes.

Filipino Values

• The term for spirit of kinship and camaraderie within Filipino values is "Bayanihan."
• Belief in the magical efficacy of objects or events is referred to as "superstition."
• The Filipino value of respect for elders is known as "Paggalang."
• The value signifying enjoyment and companionship is "Barkadahan,” celebrating friendships and social gatherings.
• A community living together or sharing common traits is referred to as a "socio-cultural group."
• The Filipino value of adaptability and companionship is expressed through "Kapaligiran."