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Questions and Answers
What was the primary outcome of the court's decision regarding product acceptance in the EU?
What was the primary outcome of the court's decision regarding product acceptance in the EU?
Which of the following does NOT fall under the four freedoms of the Single European Act?
Which of the following does NOT fall under the four freedoms of the Single European Act?
What is considered a non-tariff barrier (NTB) within the context of the Single Market?
What is considered a non-tariff barrier (NTB) within the context of the Single Market?
What key reform was introduced by the Single European Act to facilitate trade?
What key reform was introduced by the Single European Act to facilitate trade?
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How has the EU impacted professional qualifications across member states?
How has the EU impacted professional qualifications across member states?
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Which of the following is a feature of the Single Market in the EU?
Which of the following is a feature of the Single Market in the EU?
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What type of measures relate to food safety and animal health in the EU context?
What type of measures relate to food safety and animal health in the EU context?
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What significant report highlighted the costs associated with the lack of integration in Europe?
What significant report highlighted the costs associated with the lack of integration in Europe?
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What is a potential consequence of trade diversion mentioned in the content?
What is a potential consequence of trade diversion mentioned in the content?
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What significant event occurred in 2020 regarding the United Kingdom's status in the EU?
What significant event occurred in 2020 regarding the United Kingdom's status in the EU?
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Which of the following countries was part of the EU before 1981?
Which of the following countries was part of the EU before 1981?
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What was the subject of the Cassis de Dijon case in 1979?
What was the subject of the Cassis de Dijon case in 1979?
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Which factor contributes to reduced economic efficiency during trade diversion?
Which factor contributes to reduced economic efficiency during trade diversion?
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Which of these countries joined the EU in 2004?
Which of these countries joined the EU in 2004?
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What impact does trade diversion generally have on consumers?
What impact does trade diversion generally have on consumers?
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Which European court ruled on the Cassis de Dijon case?
Which European court ruled on the Cassis de Dijon case?
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What is one significant impact of Brexit on the Digital Single Market (DSM) in Europe?
What is one significant impact of Brexit on the Digital Single Market (DSM) in Europe?
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Which industry is NOT mentioned as being affected by Brexit in Portuguese trade case studies?
Which industry is NOT mentioned as being affected by Brexit in Portuguese trade case studies?
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Which of these options reflects the outcome of enlargement within the EU?
Which of these options reflects the outcome of enlargement within the EU?
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Which country joined the EU alongside Spain and Portugal?
Which country joined the EU alongside Spain and Portugal?
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Which of the following factors is NOT indicated as influencing Portuguese competitiveness?
Which of the following factors is NOT indicated as influencing Portuguese competitiveness?
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What aspect was highlighted as a negative effect of Brexit on Portuguese trade?
What aspect was highlighted as a negative effect of Brexit on Portuguese trade?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the suggested case studies on Portuguese competitiveness?
Which of the following is NOT one of the suggested case studies on Portuguese competitiveness?
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How has Brexit specifically impacted exports from Portugal to the UK?
How has Brexit specifically impacted exports from Portugal to the UK?
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Which of the following is one of the main challenges faced by Portugal after Brexit?
Which of the following is one of the main challenges faced by Portugal after Brexit?
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According to the suggested reading, what is a focus of the future competitiveness strategy for Europe?
According to the suggested reading, what is a focus of the future competitiveness strategy for Europe?
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What is a defining characteristic of a free trade area?
What is a defining characteristic of a free trade area?
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What distinguishes a customs union from a free trade area?
What distinguishes a customs union from a free trade area?
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Which statement correctly defines trade creation?
Which statement correctly defines trade creation?
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What happens during trade diversion?
What happens during trade diversion?
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Which of the following was established first in the European integration process?
Which of the following was established first in the European integration process?
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Which of these agreements is an example of a free trade area?
Which of these agreements is an example of a free trade area?
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What is generally NOT a result of economic integration?
What is generally NOT a result of economic integration?
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What was a significant early achievement of European integration after WWII?
What was a significant early achievement of European integration after WWII?
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What is the purpose of the European Coal and Steel Community established in 1951?
What is the purpose of the European Coal and Steel Community established in 1951?
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What significant economic entity was introduced in 2002?
What significant economic entity was introduced in 2002?
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Which treaty marked the foundation of the European Union in 1992?
Which treaty marked the foundation of the European Union in 1992?
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Which countries joined the EU in the largest enlargement in 2004?
Which countries joined the EU in the largest enlargement in 2004?
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Which agreement allows for passport-free travel among member countries?
Which agreement allows for passport-free travel among member countries?
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Which country left the EU in 2020?
Which country left the EU in 2020?
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What does the term 'Economic and Monetary Union' refer to?
What does the term 'Economic and Monetary Union' refer to?
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Which of the following statements about EFTA is correct?
Which of the following statements about EFTA is correct?
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Which event led to the creation of a single market in Europe?
Which event led to the creation of a single market in Europe?
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What was the main goal of the Schuman Declaration in 1950?
What was the main goal of the Schuman Declaration in 1950?
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What was a primary objective of the Single European Act adopted in 1986?
What was a primary objective of the Single European Act adopted in 1986?
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Which of the following is not considered a non-tariff barrier in the context of the Single Market?
Which of the following is not considered a non-tariff barrier in the context of the Single Market?
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What significant change did the EU implement in relation to product standards?
What significant change did the EU implement in relation to product standards?
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The European Coal and Steel Community was established as a precursor to what later entity?
The European Coal and Steel Community was established as a precursor to what later entity?
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What was one key reform introduced by the Single European Act?
What was one key reform introduced by the Single European Act?
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How did the Single Market affect businesses operating in EU countries?
How did the Single Market affect businesses operating in EU countries?
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Which mechanism has the EU implemented regarding professional qualifications across member states?
Which mechanism has the EU implemented regarding professional qualifications across member states?
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Which of the following was highlighted as an area of regulation by the EU?
Which of the following was highlighted as an area of regulation by the EU?
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What is a potential economic consequence of trade diversion for consumers?
What is a potential economic consequence of trade diversion for consumers?
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Which country formally left the EU in 2020?
Which country formally left the EU in 2020?
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In which year was the Cassis de Dijon case ruled by the European Court of Justice?
In which year was the Cassis de Dijon case ruled by the European Court of Justice?
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Which of the following factors is often a result of enlargement within the EU?
Which of the following factors is often a result of enlargement within the EU?
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What economic principle can reduce economic efficiency due to trade diversion?
What economic principle can reduce economic efficiency due to trade diversion?
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Which country was part of the EU enlargement in 2004?
Which country was part of the EU enlargement in 2004?
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What was a significant long-term effect of the Cassis de Dijon decision?
What was a significant long-term effect of the Cassis de Dijon decision?
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What is one of the main characteristics of the economic impact of trade diversion?
What is one of the main characteristics of the economic impact of trade diversion?
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Which factor does NOT contribute to higher prices for consumers as a result of trade diversion?
Which factor does NOT contribute to higher prices for consumers as a result of trade diversion?
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Which aspect is NOT typically associated with the economic challenges of Brexit?
Which aspect is NOT typically associated with the economic challenges of Brexit?
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Which industry is identified as significantly impacted by Brexit in the suggested case studies on Portuguese trade?
Which industry is identified as significantly impacted by Brexit in the suggested case studies on Portuguese trade?
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Which of the following factors is emphasized as impacting Portuguese competitiveness?
Which of the following factors is emphasized as impacting Portuguese competitiveness?
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What consequence has Brexit had on exports from Portugal to the UK?
What consequence has Brexit had on exports from Portugal to the UK?
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Which of the following areas has seen significant case studies regarding Portuguese competitiveness?
Which of the following areas has seen significant case studies regarding Portuguese competitiveness?
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Which statement about the UK's role prior to Brexit is accurate?
Which statement about the UK's role prior to Brexit is accurate?
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What key challenge has Portuguese trade faced post-Brexit?
What key challenge has Portuguese trade faced post-Brexit?
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Which of the following is NOT listed as a suggested case study in the context of Portuguese trade impacted by Brexit?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a suggested case study in the context of Portuguese trade impacted by Brexit?
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What was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957?
What was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957?
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Which country joined the EU after Greece but before the largest enlargement in 2004?
Which country joined the EU after Greece but before the largest enlargement in 2004?
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Which of the following is NOT a member of the Eurozone?
Which of the following is NOT a member of the Eurozone?
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What significant change occurred to the EU in 2020?
What significant change occurred to the EU in 2020?
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What event led to the beginning of the European integration process?
What event led to the beginning of the European integration process?
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Which agreement allows citizens to travel freely between member states without passports?
Which agreement allows citizens to travel freely between member states without passports?
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Which of the following describes the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)?
Which of the following describes the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)?
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Which foundation year is associated with the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community?
Which foundation year is associated with the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community?
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What is the purpose of the Maastricht Treaty signed in 1992?
What is the purpose of the Maastricht Treaty signed in 1992?
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Which of the following countries was part of the initial EU member countries in 1951?
Which of the following countries was part of the initial EU member countries in 1951?
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What is the primary feature of a customs union?
What is the primary feature of a customs union?
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What does trade creation typically result from in economic integration?
What does trade creation typically result from in economic integration?
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Which of the following agreements is an example of a free trade area?
Which of the following agreements is an example of a free trade area?
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What typically happens during trade diversion?
What typically happens during trade diversion?
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What is the main function of the European Coal and Steel Community established in 1951?
What is the main function of the European Coal and Steel Community established in 1951?
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Which of the following was a significant early achievement of European integration post-WWII?
Which of the following was a significant early achievement of European integration post-WWII?
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Which treaty is recognized as the foundation of the European Union?
Which treaty is recognized as the foundation of the European Union?
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What is one outcome of increased economic integration within the EU?
What is one outcome of increased economic integration within the EU?
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Study Notes
Portuguese and European Economics
- The University of Minho, School of Economics and Management offers courses in Portuguese and European Economics.
- The courses cover topics such as economic integration in a globalized world, and the impact of Brexit on Portuguese trade.
Course Structure (Possible)
- Monday & Tuesday Lectures: Focus on presentations and specific topics like digital technologies, Portuguese firm productivity, emerging industries (sports), Portuguese academic spinoffs, and possible case studies relevant to the course material.
- Wednesday & Thursday Lectures: Focus on tutorials for writing reports and specific topics such as venture capital, economic integration, innovation within the EU, and case study analysis.
Suggested Group Research Topics
- Potential topics for group research projects include case studies of Portuguese competitiveness such as renewable energy, Automotive, and textile industry
- Other topics are yet to be clarified
Brexit's Impact
- Digital Trade: Brexit significantly impacted the Digital Single Market (DSM), and the UK's departure from the EU created uncertainties, potentially hindering the UK's instrumental role in shaping the DSM.
- Portuguese Trade: Brexit affected Portuguese trade, largely driven by the UK's significant role as a trading partner. Key areas impacted include reduced exports to the UK, increased costs, supply chain disruptions, and investment uncertainties. Case studies focused on automotive, food and beverage, tourism, and textiles industries.
Portuguese Competitiveness
- Portuguese competitiveness depends on various factors including economic policies, infrastructure, education, and innovation.
- Case studies on Portuguese competitiveness examine areas of strengths and potential challenges (e.g., renewable energy, Automotive industry, textile and apparel industry).
Economic Integration
- Free Trade Area: An agreement enabling free trade among members, each having independent trade policies toward non-members. An example is EFTA.
- Customs Union: An agreement allowing free trade among members with a common external trade policy for non-members. The EEC was such an example.
- Trade Creation: Occurs when trade barriers are lowered, leading to the trading of goods/services previously not traded.
- Trade Diversion: Occurs when trade shifts from a more efficient trading partner to a less efficient one, often due to agreements and policies, resulting in higher prices for consumers and reduced economic efficiency.
European Union (EU) Creation
- The EU's creation involves various stages with key events like the Schuman Declaration of 1950, Rome Treaty of 1957, European Coal and Steel Community (1951), EFTA (1960), and other milestones leading to its current structure.
- Key events shown in timeline format illustrates the development.
Single Market
- The EU operates as a single market facilitating free movement of goods, services, capital, and people among member countries.
- The presence of non-tariff barriers (NTB), technical barriers to trade, sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures, are influential factors.
Single European Act
- Adopted in 1986, the Single European Act aims to achieve the four freedoms (movement of goods, services, capital, and people) and introduced streamlined border procedures, harmonized VAT, open government procurement, standardized technical regulations, and liberalized capital markets. This act was crucial to furthering economic integration.
Harmonization of Regulations
- The EU harmonizes product standards (like toys, electrical equipment) for free sales across borders, avoiding differences in national requirements.
- It standardizes professional qualifications, enabling professionals to work in the EU without re-qualifying in each member state.
- It harmonized environmental and consumer protection laws to establish a level playing field for businesses and protect consumers' rights.
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
- The EMU (Economic and Monetary Union) is a type of trade bloc with a common market, customs union, and monetary union.
- Member countries use a common currency (like the Euro) and coordinate economic policies. The Eurozone is an example.
- The timeline of the EU's creation, including the introduction of the Euro currency further illustrates the advancement of the EMU (Economic and Monetary Union).
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Description
This quiz provides an overview of the Portuguese and European Economics course offered at the University of Minho. It explores various topics such as economic integration, digital technologies, and the effects of Brexit on trade. Assess your understanding of the course structure and key concepts in this field.
