Porous Media and Aquifers Quiz

<p>Larger particles result in smaller pores. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It would be classified as a mixed soil with characteristics of both sandy and clay soils. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The continuous circulation of water on, above, and beneath the Earth's surface. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It's the zone where water is readily available for plant uptake. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The growth of trees and plants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soils (aquifers and unsaturated zones) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Granite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poorly sorted sedimentary deposit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand the micro-scale structure of a porous medium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low porosity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By treating porous media as a continuum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Very well sorted sedimentary deposit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Network of cracks allowing fluid movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger pores are filled with air, while smaller pores retain the remaining water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The force of gravity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unsaturated zone has more air in it than water, while the saturated zone is fully filled with water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transpiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water table (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand the relationship between the soil's water content and its physical properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sublimation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Representative Elementary Volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As the REV size increases, the average value of Y becomes more stable and less prone to fluctuations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macroscopic descriptions are derived from averaging microscopic properties over a REV. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The size of the REV is inversely proportional to the variation in the average value. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The average value becomes less stable and exhibits significant fluctuations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has a semi-permeable layer that allows for limited water exchange. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An artesian aquifer's piezometric surface is above ground level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semi-pervious membrane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is recharged by precipitation directly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The phreatic aquifer is a source of discharge for the confined aquifers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is partially in direct contact with the Potenza River. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests that the water pressure is sufficient to bring water to the surface. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All aquifers are interconnected and influence each other's characteristics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solid and void space must be distributed throughout the domain. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It must have at least one solid phase and a defined REV. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The heterogeneity of the domain complicates measurement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employing a smoothing operation or averaging. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the average volume that accurately represents the porous medium's properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurements will probably be inaccurate for large sections despite advanced technology. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regional scale, where the complexity increases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It treats the medium as a continuous entity for analysis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A material containing spaces (pores) that can hold fluids.

A continuous extent that doesn't have discrete parts; used to describe a porous medium's structure.

Materials like sand, rocks, and limestone that allow fluid flow through pores.

A characteristic of a material where it has many pores, allowing for more fluid retention.

A characteristic of a material that has fewer pores, limiting fluid capacity.

Layers of minerals or organic materials that have settled and compacted over time.

A technique used to visualize the internal structure of porous media at a micro-scale level.

A type of porous medium characterized by cracks or fractures that allow fluid movement.

The smallest volume over which properties can be considered representative of the whole porous medium.

A method to describe fluid motion in porous media by assuming a continuous distribution of solid and void spaces.

Spaces within a porous medium that are connected, allowing for fluid movement.

The quality of being composed of different elements, affecting the properties of a porous medium.

A process of averaging out the properties of a porous medium to simplify modeling and analysis.

The evaluation of how fluid moves through the voids in a porous medium, often challenging at large scales.

The measurement of pressure and speed of fluid at various pore locations within a porous medium.

The average value of fluid pressure within a representative volume centered at point P.

A property like pressure, velocity, density, or permeability that can vary in a porous medium.

Describes phenomena using values specific to the individual phases within a porous medium.

Describes phenomena using average values taken over an REV centered at a point.

Strong variations in values when the volume is too small.

Thresholds for REV size; too small (V < Vmin) leads to fluctuation, while too large (V > Vmax) may lose detail.

A framework that assumes a porous medium behaves as a continuous material for macroscopic analysis.

A scale used to classify soils based on particle size and permeability.

Soils composed of gravel to sand particles, known for large particles and large pores.

Soils made up of silt to clay particles, characterized by small particles and small pores.

The continuous movement of water through evaporation, precipitation, and run-off.

The process of water turning from liquid to vapor, starting the water cycle.

Water released from clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

A layer less pervious than the overlying aquifer, allowing water to leak.

Water flow that occurs when excess water flows over the ground surface.

An aquifer that allows for some leakage into or out of the phreatic zone.

The movement of water that occurs below the surface in unsaturated zones and aquifers.

A confined aquifer where water rises above ground level, creating a flowing well.

An aquifer bounded by impermeable layers above and below.

The level at which water in a confined aquifer would rise if unconfined.

An open aquifer that is directly connected to the water table.

A location where water infiltrates and replenishes an aquifer.

Different layers of aquifers beneath the same surface region.

The process by which precipitation enters the soil.

The downward movement of water through soil to groundwater.

The layer where only part of the void space is filled with water.

The area where all void spaces are filled with water.

The release of water vapor from plants into the atmosphere.

The ratio of water volume in soil to the total volume of that soil.

The upper surface of the saturated zone.