Population Health Management Concepts

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four recommendations by the NCQA for the application of PHM?

  • Practitioner leadership
  • Patient-centered communication (correct)
  • Improve leadership buy in
  • Create and communicate the PHM strategies

Which statement best describes the focus of value-based healthcare?

  • Targets individual patient transactions exclusively
  • Emphasizes quantity of services provided
  • Encourages risk avoidance for providers
  • Prioritizes high-quality and efficient healthcare services (correct)

Which component is NOT associated with the continuity of population health management?

  • Regulatory compliance (correct)
  • Care coordination
  • Leadership role
  • Patient involvement

What is a key principle of value-based reimbursement?

<p>Rewarding providers based on the quality of care delivered (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT part of the pathway of population health?

<p>Reduction in healthcare access (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final aim in the quadrable aim model in healthcare?

<p>Improve service affordability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT describe a characteristic of value-based healthcare?

<p>Payment based solely on procedures performed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors is considered to have a significant impact on health and wellbeing?

<p>Personal lifestyle choices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aim is considered in the population health management approach?

<p>Improved health equity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a factor in achieving effective partnership within healthcare according to population health principles?

<p>Minimization of data sharing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of population health management?

<p>Community-based prevention efforts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three Ps associated with individual health services?

<p>Pollution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the significant challenges of social determinants affecting population health?

<p>Lack of assessment models (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which requirement of comprehensive population health management focuses on understanding patient dynamics?

<p>Patient risk stratification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the total income impact of chronic diseases in the USA change in 2016?

<p>It increased to $4 trillion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the population health journey is crucial for effective system design?

<p>Engaging the right partners (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT included in IHI's asset-based approach to data review?

<p>Analyzing financial reports (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of population health examines environmental factors influencing community health?

<p>Addressing social determinants of health (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does health equity in population health management aim to achieve?

<p>Improved outcomes for all populations regardless of background (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is included in the 10 requirements for comprehensive population health management?

<p>Care management (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the population health management strategy?

<p>Needs assessment covering physical, social, and psychological aspects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily emphasized in the coordination of care within value-based healthcare?

<p>Seamless care across different providers and settings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the improvement of health equity?

<p>Promoting individual health achievements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of value-based healthcare emphasizes prioritizing outcomes?

<p>Quality over quantity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which recommendation from the NCQA focuses on leadership engagement in population health management?

<p>Practitioner leadership (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial in ensuring patient engagement during care planning in value-based healthcare?

<p>Involvement of patients in decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of value-based reimbursement?

<p>Outcomes achieved and quality of care delivered (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the pathway of population health?

<p>Epidemic response strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of shifting to a quadrable aim, which of the following is emphasized alongside affordable service?

<p>Quality of care outcomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element is essential for effective partnerships in healthcare according to population health principles?

<p>Shared financial risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines population health?

<p>Health outcomes of a group based on geographic region or shared characteristics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a challenge associated with social determinants of health?

<p>Absence of linked screening tools to evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which requirement in comprehensive population health management emphasizes data management?

<p>Data infrastructure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does community engagement play in population health management?

<p>It facilitates a collaborative approach to understand and address health issues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is part of the IHI's asset-based approach to data review?

<p>Understanding the experiences of the team (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does population health seek to intervene in health issues?

<p>Through high-risk group interventions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does health equity in population health management prioritize?

<p>Recognizing and addressing disparities within health access and outcomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the '3 Ps' in individual health services refer to?

<p>Patient promotion, prevention, and protection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key component do care management and complex care management share in population health?

<p>They offer targeted approaches for managing health needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an effective approach to address social determinants of health?

<p>Using targeted interventions that consider social, cultural, and environmental factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Population Health

The health outcomes of a group of individuals, often defined by geographic location or shared characteristics.

Public Health

Focuses on preventing health problems within a population by targeting high-risk individuals.

Social Determinants of Health

A set of factors that influence an individual's health, including social, economic, and environmental conditions.

Population Health Management (PHM)

The art of prevention within a population health framework, focusing on social, cultural, environmental, and physical conditions.

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Population Health Journey

A systematic approach to understanding the needs of patients, engaging relevant partners, and designing effective systems to improve health outcomes.

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Data Review Process

A structured process for collecting and analyzing data to understand a population's health needs.

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Data Infrastructure

The ability to access and use reliable data to inform population health strategies.

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Community Engagement

Engaging community members in the development and implementation of population health initiatives.

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Team-Based Care

A team of healthcare professionals working together to provide coordinated care.

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Panel Management

The process of managing the health of a group of patients with similar needs.

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NCQA's 4 recommendations for PHM

A set of 4 recommendations from the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) designed to guide the implementation of Population Health Management (PHM).

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Goal setting and alignment in PHM

This refers to the process of aligning goals and strategies across different departments or levels within an organization to effectively implement PHM.

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Equity of care

This refers to providing healthcare services in a way that ensures everyone has fair and equal access to quality care regardless of their background.

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Addressing demographic data in PHM

This principle emphasizes the use of data to identify and address disparities in health outcomes.

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Partnerships in health

This principle emphasizes the importance of partnerships between healthcare providers, community organizations, and patients to improve health outcomes.

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Value-based healthcare (VBHC)

A healthcare system that prioritizes value over volume, focusing on delivering high-quality, efficient care while reducing costs.

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Value-based reimbursement

A payment model where providers are financially rewarded based on the quality of care they deliver and the health outcomes achieved.

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Patient engagement in VBHC

This involves the patient actively participating in decision-making about their care and health goals.

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Shifting from reimbursement to value-based healthcare

A healthcare model that shifts from traditional fee-for-service to value-based models, prioritizing quality and efficiency over quantity.

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What is Population Health?

The health outcomes of a group of individuals with shared characteristics, like a geographic region or those with specific health conditions.

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What is the Population Health Journey?

A systematic approach to understanding patient needs, engaging partners, and designing effective systems to improve health outcomes within a population.

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What is Data Infrastructure in Population Health?

The ability to access and use reliable data to inform population health strategies. It is a critical foundation for making informed decisions about improving health outcomes.

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What is Panel Management in Population Health?

The process of managing the health of a group of patients with similar needs. This involves identifying those with similar conditions, tracking their progress, and delivering tailored care.

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What is Patient Risk Stratification?

The ability to accurately assess and prioritize patients based on their risk of developing health complications.

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What are the Social Determinants of Health?

A set of factors that influence an individual's health, including social, economic, and environmental conditions. These factors can have a major impact on population health outcomes.

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What is Community Engagement in Population Health?

Engaging community members in the development and implementation of population health initiatives. This ensures that programs meet the needs and preferences of the local population.

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What is Team-Based Care in Population Health?

A team of healthcare professionals working together to provide coordinated care. This can include doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and social workers working collaboratively to improve patient outcomes.

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What is Ensuring Health Equity in Population Health?

Providing healthcare services in a way that ensures everyone has fair and equal access to quality care regardless of their background.

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What is the Data Review Process in Population Health?

A structured process for collecting and analyzing data to understand a population's health needs. It involves reviewing existing data, seeking insights from healthcare teams, and conducting additional research.

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Coordination of Care

This refers to the seamless coordination of care across different providers and settings to ensure continuous, high-quality care for patients. It aims to prevent fragmented care and improve overall patient experience.

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Social Determinants of Health in PHM

PHM strategies focus on addressing factors outside of traditional healthcare, including the social, economic, and environmental conditions that influence health. It aims to create a healthier environment for everyone.

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Equity of Care in PHM

Improving health equity in PHM involves ensuring that everyone has equal access to quality healthcare, regardless of their background or socio-economic status. It aims to eliminate health disparities and ensure fairness in healthcare delivery.

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Study Notes

Population Health Management

  • Population health is the health outcome of a group of individuals, often defined by geographic region or shared characteristics.
  • In the USA, 80 million people suffer from chronic diseases, incurring $4 trillion in societal costs in 2016.
  • Individual health services involve one-on-one care.
  • Public health involves community-based prevention, targeting interventions for high-risk groups.
  • Population health involves identifying effective interventions through public health systems and social interventions.
  • Population health focuses on social, cultural, environmental, and physical factors impacting the population.

Key Challenges of Social Determinants

  • Economic stability (employment, income, expenses, debt, medical bills, support)
  • Neighborhood and physical environment (housing, transportation, parks, playgrounds, walkability, zip code/geography)
  • Education (literacy, language, early childhood education, vocational training, higher education)
  • Food (hunger, access to healthy options)
  • Community and social context (social integration, support systems, community engagement, discrimination)
  • Healthcare system (health coverage, provider availability, provider linguistic and cultural competency, quality of care)
  • Identified challenges in social determinants include: Lack of a standard assessment model, absence of evidence-based screening tools, and insufficient resources for data collection.

Comprehensive Population Health Management (PHM)

  • The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) outlines ten requirements for comprehensive PHM.
  • This includes data infrastructure, community engagement, team-based care, panel management, patient risk stratification, care management, self-management support, complex care management, addressing social determinants of health, and ensuring health equity.

The Population Health Journey

  • Understanding patient needs, engaging appropriate partners, and developing effective systems are central to the population health journey.
  • A three-part process, including reviewing available data, understanding the experience of the team, and understanding the experience of patients.
  • Implementing population health management (PHM) requires buy-in from leaders and practitioners, clear goals, and effective communication.

Pathway of Population Health

  • Health and wellbeing evolve over time, influenced by social determinants.
  • Equity in care access and addressing demographic data are critical.
  • Partnerships and collaboration are essential for effective population health management.
  • Improve health wellbeing and equity

Value-Based Healthcare

  • Transition from reimbursement-based to value-based healthcare prioritizes outcomes over quantity, coordinating care across providers, involving patients in care decisions, and focusing on community health.

Continuity of PHM

  • Needs assessment (physical, social, psychological) is crucial for PHM.
  • Health promotion (primary prevention, behavior modification) plays an important role.
  • Coordination of care across healthcare settings is essential for effective PHM.

Quadrable Aim

  • Affordable service, high quality, good outcomes for patients, and supporting staff wellbeing are critical components of a better health system.
  • Promoting these requires identifying the patient population, developing suitable care models, effective partnerships, utilization analysis and continuous improvement.

Care Transitions

  • Moving a patient from one healthcare provider to another.
  • American Care Management Association (ACMA) standards dictate the procedures for effective transfers.
  • Including identifying patients at risk, comprehensive transition assessments, medication reconciliation, dynamic care plans, and communication to key stake holders are key transition elements.

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