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Questions and Answers
What does 'K - N' represent in the context of population growth?
What does 'K - N' represent in the context of population growth?
- The number of individuals that may be added to the population at a given time (correct)
- The exponential growth rate
- The fraction of individuals that have died in the population
- The carrying capacity of the population
How does 'K - N' relate to the logistic growth equation?
How does 'K - N' relate to the logistic growth equation?
- It represents the mortality rate in the population
- It is added to the carrying capacity in the equation
- It restricts the exponential growth model to generate the logistic growth equation (correct)
- It is used to calculate the population density
In what scenario would the growth rate be close to exponential according to the text?
In what scenario would the growth rate be close to exponential according to the text?
- When 'K - N' is almost zero
- When the population size equals the carrying capacity
- When 'K - N' is a very large negative number
- When 'N' is close to zero (correct)
What is a characteristic of density-dependent factors in regulating population growth?
What is a characteristic of density-dependent factors in regulating population growth?
Why do wildlife biologists want to understand density-dependent and density-independent factors?
Why do wildlife biologists want to understand density-dependent and density-independent factors?
What happens when the population size reaches the carrying capacity 'K'?
What happens when the population size reaches the carrying capacity 'K'?
What is the formula for calculating population growth rate, r, in a population?
What is the formula for calculating population growth rate, r, in a population?
What does a positive value of r indicate in terms of population growth?
What does a positive value of r indicate in terms of population growth?
What is the condition known as when the population size is unchanging?
What is the condition known as when the population size is unchanging?
Why does exponential growth not continue indefinitely in real-world populations?
Why does exponential growth not continue indefinitely in real-world populations?
What type of growth curve represents the logistic growth model in population ecology?
What type of growth curve represents the logistic growth model in population ecology?
How does the logistic growth curve differ from the exponential growth curve?
How does the logistic growth curve differ from the exponential growth curve?
What is the main reason for diseases spreading rapidly among the members of a population?
What is the main reason for diseases spreading rapidly among the members of a population?
Why did the great famine in China during the 'Great Leap Forward' partially occur?
Why did the great famine in China during the 'Great Leap Forward' partially occur?
In population ecology, what is true about density-dependent factors?
In population ecology, what is true about density-dependent factors?
How does low prey density affect the mortality of predators according to the text?
How does low prey density affect the mortality of predators according to the text?
What happens to the reproductive rates of species as their populations reach carrying capacity?
What happens to the reproductive rates of species as their populations reach carrying capacity?
Which statement best describes density-independent factors in population regulation?
Which statement best describes density-independent factors in population regulation?
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Study Notes
Population Growth
- Population growth rate is determined by subtracting the death rate (D) from the birth rate (B) and adjusting for migration (if applicable)
- The growth rate can be expressed as: Population growth = rN, where r = ([B - D] + [I - E])
- The value of r can be positive (increasing population), negative (decreasing population), or zero (zero population growth)
Logistic Growth
- Exponential growth cannot continue indefinitely due to limited resources
- The logistic growth model represents the reality of limited resources with an S-shaped growth curve
- The logistic growth equation is: Population growth rate = rN [K-N]/K
- The equation takes into account the carrying capacity (K) and the available space for further growth
Population Growth Regulation
- Population growth is regulated by two types of factors: density-dependent and density-independent
- Density-dependent factors affect growth rate and mortality based on population density, and are largely biological in nature
- Examples of density-dependent factors include:
- Parasitism
- Predation
- Inter- and intraspecific competition
- Disease spread
- Low prey density affecting predator mortality
- Competition for declining resources
- Density-independent factors cause mortality regardless of population density, and are typically physical in nature
- Examples of density-independent factors include:
- Weather
- Natural disasters
- Pollution
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