Population Growth and Biotechnology Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of genetic engineering over conventional breeding?

  • It enables the direct transfer of one or a few genes. (correct)
  • It allows the transfer of many genes at once.
  • It provides a guarantee of specific gene combinations.
  • It can only be used with closely related species.

    • Which of the following describes a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

  • A product created using traditional breeding methods.
  • An organism altered by environmental factors.
  • A species that has undergone natural selection.
  • An organism developed through genetic engineering. (correct)

    • What is a drawback of conventional breeding methods?

  • They produce organisms with desirable traits.
  • They can take a long time to achieve desired results. (correct)
  • They prevent the introduction of undesirable genes.
  • They allow the transfer of only specific genes.

    • Which country had the highest percentage of genetically modified crop area in 2002?

    <p>USA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does genetic engineering affect the time required for crop improvement?

    <p>It allows results to be achieved in a shorter time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage should Philippine rice production increase to meet population demands?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a technique used in biotechnology?

    <p>Traditional crossbreeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of food biotechnology?

    <p>Improved food quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT limit agricultural resources?

    <p>Urbanization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biotechnology application is used to improve plant resistance against diseases?

    <p>Genetic engineering of plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary objective of animal biotechnology?

    <p>Creating better breeds for higher quality meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biotechnology technique is utilized to address disease diagnostics?

    <p>Monoclonal antibody production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the increasing global population on agriculture?

    <p>Requirement for a 50% increase in world cereal production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Population Growth

    • World population is expected to rise from 6.05 billion to 7.5 billion
    • Philippines population is expected to rise from 82 million to 122 million

    Food Production

    • World cereal production should increase by 50%
    • Philippine rice production needs to increase by 40% from 12 million tons to 18 million tons

    Agricultural Resources

    • Agricultural resources are limited due to deforestation, overgrazing, and land conversion

    Biotechnology

    • Biotechnology is a technique that uses living organisms to develop new products and improve existing ones
    • It can be used to improve plants, animals, and microorganisms for specific applications

    Examples of Biotechnology

    • Plant biotechnology:
      • Genetically engineered (GE) plants for pest resistance, disease resistance, and increased yield
      • Plant protoplast fusion
      • Plant tissue culture
      • Biofertilizers
    • Animal biotechnology:
      • GE animals for disease resistance and increased milk production
      • Animal vaccines
      • Embryo transfer
    • Microorganism biotechnology:
      • GE microorganisms for biocontrol agents against pests and diseases
      • Recombinant DNA for disease diagnostics
      • Monoclonal antibody production
      • Fermentation

    Benefits of Biotechnology

    • Human health:
      • Insulin for diabetes
      • Interferon for cancer treatment
      • Hepatitis B vaccine
    • Environmental protection:
      • Bioremediation: using living organisms to clean the environment
    • Food production:
      • Improved food quality and processing
      • Better-tasting and more nutritious foods
      • Cleaner food

    Genetic Engineering

    • Technique that transfers genes of interest to develop and improve organisms
    • Allows for the direct transfer of genes between organisms, even those distantly related
    • Compared to conventional breeding, genetic engineering offers a faster way to achieve desired results

    Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

    • Products developed through genetic engineering
    • 2001 and 2002 global area of GMO cultivation (in millions of hectares):
      • USA: 35.7 million (68%) and 39 million (66%)
      • Argentina: 11.8 million (22%) and 13.5 million (23%)
      • Canada: 3.2 million (6%) and 3.5 million (6%)
      • China: 1.5 million (3%) and 2.1 million (4%)
      • South Africa: 0.2 million

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    Biotechnology for Philippine Agriculture - Past Paper PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key topics related to population growth, food production, and the role of biotechnology in agriculture. Discover how the world and Philippine populations are expected to increase, along with the need for sustainable food production practices. Explore various biotechnology applications in both plant and animal agriculture.

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