Population Ecology (AP Topics 3.1-3.5)
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes exponential growth in a population?

  • It reflects a maximum environment support capacity.
  • Population size remains constant over time.
  • It is described by a J-curve. (correct)
  • It assumes limited resources are available.
  • What is the primary focus of logistic growth models?

  • Maximizing the use of unlimited resources.
  • Ignoring density-dependent factors.
  • Incorporating limiting resources and carrying capacity. (correct)
  • Population declines exponentially over time.
  • Which of the following factors is NOT considered a density-dependent factor?

  • Food availability
  • Natural disasters (correct)
  • Disease spread
  • Competition for mates
  • What happens during an overshoot in a population's growth?

    <p>The population experiences a rapid dieback.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does biotic potential represent in population growth models?

    <p>The maximum possible growth rate of a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive strategy is associated with species that typically produce few offspring but invest significant resources in their care?

    <p>K-selected species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic primarily describes a population pyramid indicative of rapid growth?

    <p>A larger base representing high birth rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic parameter is often used to compare the health and longevity of populations in different countries?

    <p>Life expectancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between r-selected and K-selected species in terms of their reproductive success?

    <p>r-selected species focus on quantity of offspring, while K-selected species focus on quality and survival rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the infant mortality rate in developed countries compared to developing countries?

    <p>Lower in developed countries due to better healthcare and living conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape of an age structure diagram typically indicates a declining population size?

    <p>Inverted pyramid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation would you use to determine the growth rate of a population based on crude birth and death rates?

    <p>Growth rate (%) = (CBR - CDR + crude immigration - crude emigration)/10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant socioeconomic factor affecting population parameters?

    <p>Access to family planning services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Crude Death Rate (CDR) calculated?

    <p>CDR = (#Deaths/Total pop.) x 1000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does access to quality healthcare commonly have on population growth?

    <p>Decreases death rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the growth rate calculated when using crude rates?

    <p>(CBR - CDR + crude immigration - crude emigration) / 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Rule of 70' help determine in population dynamics?

    <p>Doubling time in years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT typically considered a socioeconomic influence on demographic parameters?

    <p>Temperature changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is net migration defined as?

    <p>Immigration minus Emigration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a demographic parameter influenced by social bias?

    <p>Access to clean water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of demographic transition is characterized by a high crude birth rate and high crude death rate?

    <p>Stage 1 (Pre-industrial)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of age structure diagram is most commonly associated with Stage 4 of demographic transition?

    <p>Inverted pyramid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage of demographic transition would you expect to see an overall population size that is highest but potentially decreasing?

    <p>Stage 4 (Post-industrial)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of demographic transition does the growth rate transition from high to lower levels?

    <p>Stage 3 (Industrialized)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the birth rate as a society progresses from Stage 2 to Stage 3 in demographic transition?

    <p>It decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of population growth is characterized by increased access to healthcare and education?

    <p>Stage 3 (Stationary)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of population growth would you observe the most rapid population increase?

    <p>Phase 2 (Industrializing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What socioeconomic trend is associated with Stage 1 of population growth?

    <p>Manual labor, limited healthcare, and few rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of survivorship curve typically describes human populations?

    <p>Type 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What demographic characteristic is observed in Stage 4 populations, such as those in Japan and Germany?

    <p>Aging population with possible stagnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of population growth is characterized by stable population growth?

    <p>Phase 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of population growth are birth and death rates initially high before decreasing?

    <p>Phase 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following countries is an example of a Phase 4 population growth context?

    <p>Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change occurs in the birth and death rates as a population transitions from Phase 1 to Phase 2?

    <p>Death rates decrease sharply while birth rates remain high.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of populations in Phase 1 of the growth model?

    <p>High birth and death rates resulting in slow growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Population Ecology (AP Topics 3.1-3.5)

    • Activities for the topic include demonstrations with balls or rolling pins, examining exponential and logistic growth models and cards identifying K- vs r-selection. Labs and assignments on the topic, including human survivorship curves, are also available.

    Population Growth Dynamics

    • Population growth models
      • Exponential growth assumes unlimited resources. Population growth is determined by the biotic (intrinsic) growth rate, which is the maximum possible growth rate. The curve shaped of this model can be described as a J-curve.
      • Logistic growth incorporates limiting resources and carrying capacity (the maximum population size that an environment can support). This population growth model shows an S-curve.

    Factors Limiting Population Growth

    • Density-dependent factors influence individual survival probability.
    • Density-independent factors influence individual survival probability.
    • Impacts of resource availability result in overshoots and diebacks in population growth.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts in population ecology, focusing on population growth dynamics, including exponential and logistic models. You will explore factors that limit population growth and understand the implications of density-dependent and density-independent factors. Dive into theoretical models and their practical applications with activities and assignments provided.

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