Population Distribution

• Population is unevenly distributed across the Earth's surface.
• Total population: the total number of people living on Earth.
• Density: the number of inhabitants per unit of surface area (e.g., km²).
  • Density = Total Population / Area (km²)

Factors Affecting Population Distribution

• Natural Factors (Favorable):

  • Temperate climate
  • Flat relief
  • Fertile soil
  • Water abundance
  • Coastal areas
  • Rich subsoil
  • Rivers

• Natural Factors (Unfavorable):

  • Cold and desert climates
  • Mountainous relief
  • Poor soil
  • Dense forests
  • Water shortage

• Human Factors (Favorable):

  • Means of communication
  • Cities
  • Industry
  • Agriculture
  • Commerce
  • Employment
  • Tourism
  • Historical past

• Human Factors (Unfavorable):

  • Lack of economic dynamism
  • Unemployment
  • Conflicts and wars

Examples of Population Distribution Patterns

• Large Mountain Ranges (e.g., Himalayas, Andes):

  • Altitude climate
  • Lack of oxygen at altitude
  • Low atmospheric pressure
  • Steep slopes
  • Poor and rocky soils

• Warm Deserts (e.g., Great Australian Desert, Sahara):

  • Water shortage due to low precipitation
  • High average annual temperature
  • Large temperature amplitude
  • Rocky soils and dunes