Population Distribution on Earth

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Questions and Answers

What was a primary reason early human settlements were often located along rivers and fertile plains?

  • To have convenient access to water and land suitable for cultivation. (correct)
  • To easily construct advanced architectural monuments.
  • To avoid interactions with other human groups.
  • To easily defend against wild animal attacks.

How did the ability to transport goods by boat affect the location of human settlements?

  • It led to settlements being exclusively located in mountainous regions.
  • It promoted settlement near rivers and coasts to facilitate trade and transportation. (correct)
  • It encouraged settlements to form inland, away from coastal areas.
  • It made proximity to water sources less important for settlements.

Which geographical feature is least likely to support a high population density?

  • Regions with fertile soil suitable for agriculture
  • Coastal plains near river deltas
  • Arid deserts with limited water and nutrient-poor soils (correct)
  • Areas with access to abundant freshwater resources

What critical resource was a primary driver for the growth of industrial areas during the Industrial Revolution?

<p>Stone coal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor most significantly contributes to uneven population distribution across the Earth?

<p>Variations in climate and natural environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following continents has the highest population?

<p>Asia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for continued population growth in poorer countries, despite high rates of child mortality?

<p>Families choosing to have more children as a form of social security. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective way to slow population growth in developing countries?

<p>Providing families with access to education, healthcare, and family planning resources. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of births in a population?

<p>Nativitet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the movement of people into or out of a country?

<p>Migration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes regions of low population density?

<p>Limited access to resources like water and nutrient-rich soils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'population pyramid' used to illustrate?

<p>The distribution of age and gender within a population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes most to Sweden's increasing average age?

<p>A low birth rate and increased longevity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of an aging population on the workforce?

<p>It increases the number of people dependent on social security. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential solution to labor shortages caused by an aging population?

<p>Raising the pension age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which continents are home to the six major regions with the highest population densities?

<p>North America, Europe, and Asia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to population projections, what is the estimated global population by 2030?

<p>More than 8 billion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of human populations, including their size, composition, distribution, and changes over time?

<p>Demography (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a country has a birth rate of 10 per 1,000 and a death rate of 12 per 1,000, what is the natural population increase or decrease?

<p>A natural decrease of 2 per 1,000. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following most accurately describes the population distribution in Sweden?

<p>Mainly located in the southern and central regions, especially around major cities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are glesbygder?

Areas with sparse populations, like deserts and polar regions.

What is befolkningstäthet?

It refers to the number of people living in a specific area.

What is medellivslängden?

The average lifespan of individuals in a population has increased.

What is demografi?

The study of population dynamics, including changes in size and structure.

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What is födelsetal?

The rate at which people are born in a population.

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What is dödstal?

The rate at which people die in a population.

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What is migration?

The movement of people from one area to another

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What is a befolkningspyramid?

A diagram showing the distribution of various age groups in a population

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What does invandra mean?

Moving from one country to another to live.

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What do children need to survive?

Having access to food, water, healthcare, and education.

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What is familjeplanering?

Planning the number and spacing of children.

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What are preventivmedel?

Using methods to prevent pregnancy.

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Why live near rivers?

People chose to settle near rivers for water and fertile soil.

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Why live near water for trade?

Buying/selling goods was easier when goods could be transported by water.

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Why live where there is stenkol?

People chose to live near factories that used stenkol, an energy source.

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Name 5 of the 6 most densely populated regions

They are East Asia, India, Europe, West Africa, and USA

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What was important for people who became bofasta?

People chose to live where there was access to water and fertile soil

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Study Notes

  • Jordens befolkning är ojämnt fördelad.
  • Klimatet och naturen pÃ¥verkar var människor bor.

Var människor bor

  • Människor bosatte sig först längs floder med bördiga slätter, för tillgÃ¥ng till vatten och jord för odling.
  • Att bo vid vatten var viktigt för att frakta varor med bÃ¥t.
  • MÃ¥nga tätbefolkade omrÃ¥den ligger vid kusten eller flodmynningar som Yangtsefloden, Nilen, Indusfloden och Mekongfloden.
  • Glesbygder som öknar, stäpper och polaromrÃ¥den har fÃ¥ människor pÃ¥ grund av vatten- eller brist pÃ¥ näringsrik jord.
  • Industrialiseringen ändrade bosättningsmönster, fabriker byggdes där det fanns stenkol, vilket skapade industriomrÃ¥den.
  • Stora industriomrÃ¥den växte fram i Storbritannien, Tyskland, Polen, Ryssland, USA, Kina och Indien.

Befolkningstäthet

  • Jordens befolkning är ojämnt fördelad pÃ¥ grund av klimat och natur.
  • TillgÃ¥ngen pÃ¥ vatten är viktig
  • Nästan 90% av jordens befolkning bor i sex omrÃ¥den: nordöstra USA, östra Sydamerika, Europa, Västafrika, indiska halvön och Östasien.

Befolkningsutveckling

  • Världens befolkning är över 7 miljarder och ökar snabbt.
  • Befolkningen ökar med över 200 000 personer per dag.
  • Forskare uppskattar att befolkningen kommer att överstiga 8 miljarder Ã¥r 2030.
  • Befolkningen ökar mest i fattiga länder, trots hög barndödlighet.
  • Familjer i fattiga länder skaffar mÃ¥nga barn som en försäkring.
  • För att minska folkökningen i fattiga länder behövs tillgÃ¥ng till mat, rent vatten, sjukvÃ¥rd, skolor, familjeplanering och preventivmedel.

Världens befolkning per världsdel

  • Asien har störst befolkning med över 4 miljarder människor.
  • Kina och Indien är de folkrikaste länderna med 1,4 miljarder respektive 1,35 miljarder invÃ¥nare.
  • Afrika har näst störst befolkning med över 1 miljard invÃ¥nare.
  • Nigeria, Etiopien och Egypten är Afrikas folkrikaste länder.
  • Europas befolkning är cirka 730 miljoner, men minskar.
  • Nordamerika har cirka 550 miljoner invÃ¥nare.
  • USA är det tredje folkrikaste landet med 328 miljoner invÃ¥nare.
  • Sydamerika har cirka 390 miljoner invÃ¥nare, varav Brasilien har över 210 miljoner.
  • Oceanien har minst befolkning med 36 miljoner invÃ¥nare, mestadels i Australien.

Sveriges befolkning

  • Kvinnor i Sverige föder oftast ett eller tvÃ¥ barn.
  • Befolkningen ökar inte om inte människor invandrar.
  • Sverige hade 10 miljoner invÃ¥nare 2017 och 10,2 miljoner Ã¥r 2019.
  • De flesta svenskar bor i södra och mellersta Sverige, särskilt i storstadsregionerna.
  • Sverige är ett välfärdssamhälle med sjukvÃ¥rd, skola, äldreboende och pension.
  • Medellivslängden i Sverige har ökat.
  • Fler gamla människor innebär att färre unga ska försörja dem.
  • MÃ¥nga anser att pensionsÃ¥ldern bör höjas eller att Sveriges befolkning mÃ¥ste öka.

Demografi

  • Demografi studerar hur ett lands befolkning ökar eller minskar, Ã¥ldersfördelning och migration.
  • Förändringar studeras med hjälp av födelsetal (nativitet), dödstal (mortalitet) och migration.
  • En befolkningspyramid visar antalet människor i olika Ã¥ldrar.
  • Sveriges befolkningspyramid skiljer sig frÃ¥n Kenyas, vilket speglar olika demografiska förhÃ¥llanden.
  • I Sverige är födelsetalet lÃ¥gt, vilket leder till en Ã¥ldrande och minskande befolkning.
  • I Kenya är födelsetalet högt, men medellivslängden är lÃ¥g, vilket ger en snabbt växande befolkning.

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