2-L2
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of cellulose in plants?

  • Protein synthesis
  • Storage of energy
  • Structural role (correct)
  • Photosynthesis

What type of linkages are found in amylopectin?

  • α-1,4 and β-1,6
  • α-1,4 and α-1,6 (correct)
  • β-1,4 and β-1,6
  • α-1,4 only

What is the major component of dietary fiber that is important for normal gastrointestinal function?

  • Cellulose (correct)
  • Glycogen
  • Amylose
  • Starch

What is the type of linkage found in cellulose?

<p>β-1,4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glycogen in animals?

<p>Energy storage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between starch and cellulose?

<p>Starch is hydrolyzed, cellulose is not (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of bond that links monosaccharide units in polysaccharides?

<p>Glycosidic bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme that catalyzes Step 1 of glycolysis in the liver?

<p>Glucokinase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?

<p>Lactate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for reducing Pyruvate to lactate in anaerobic glycolysis?

<p>Lactate dehydrogenase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal relationship between lactate production and utilization?

<p>The amount of lactate produced equals the amount of lactate utilized (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net ATP gain in anaerobic glycolysis?

<p>2 ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the plasma lactate concentration that can cause a problem?

<p>Greater than 5mM (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step of glycolysis is catalyzed by Pyruvate kinase?

<p>Step 10 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in anaerobic glycolysis?

<p>To increase NAD+ concentrations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of low activity of the enzyme lactase?

<p>Decreased digestion of lactose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of lactose hydrolysis by lactase?

<p>Glucose and galactose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which tissues does anaerobic glycolysis primarily occur?

<p>Red blood cells and skeletal muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall reaction of galactose metabolism?

<p>Galactose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of lactose intolerance on galactose metabolism?

<p>Affects galactose metabolism by releasing glucose and galactose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme that converts galactose to galactose-1-P?

<p>Galactokinase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major hexose found in blood?

<p>Glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition resulting from excessive galactose in the blood?

<p>Galactosaemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the digestion of dietary starch?

<p>Maltose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are disaccharides formed?

<p>By the condensation of two monosaccharides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed during the formation of a disaccharide?

<p>O-glycosidic bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes a disaccharide non-reducing?

<p>When the aldehyde or ketone groups of the two sugars are both involved in forming the glycosidic bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are sucrose and lactose examples of?

<p>Disaccharides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum glucose requirement for a healthy adult?

<p>180g/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of glucose requirement is used by the CNS?

<p>50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues only use glucose?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glycolysis in cells?

<p>To produce energy (ATP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is glycolysis carried out in cells?

<p>Cytosol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many steps are there in glycolysis?

<p>10 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?

<p>Lactate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition required for aerobic glycolysis?

<p>Normal oxygen supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis?

<p>Oxygen supply (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells carry out anaerobic glycolysis?

<p>Red blood cells and cells exposed to low oxygen supply (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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