2-L2
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of cellulose in plants?

  • Protein synthesis
  • Storage of energy
  • Structural role (correct)
  • Photosynthesis

    • What type of linkages are found in amylopectin?

  • α-1,4 and β-1,6
  • α-1,4 and α-1,6 (correct)
  • β-1,4 and β-1,6
  • α-1,4 only

    • What is the major component of dietary fiber that is important for normal gastrointestinal function?

  • Cellulose (correct)
  • Glycogen
  • Amylose
  • Starch

    • What is the type of linkage found in cellulose?

    <p>β-1,4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of glycogen in animals?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between starch and cellulose?

    <p>Starch is hydrolyzed, cellulose is not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of bond that links monosaccharide units in polysaccharides?

    <p>Glycosidic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzyme that catalyzes Step 1 of glycolysis in the liver?

    <p>Glucokinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for reducing Pyruvate to lactate in anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Lactate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal relationship between lactate production and utilization?

    <p>The amount of lactate produced equals the amount of lactate utilized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net ATP gain in anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>2 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the plasma lactate concentration that can cause a problem?

    <p>Greater than 5mM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step of glycolysis is catalyzed by Pyruvate kinase?

    <p>Step 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>To increase NAD+ concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of low activity of the enzyme lactase?

    <p>Decreased digestion of lactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of lactose hydrolysis by lactase?

    <p>Glucose and galactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which tissues does anaerobic glycolysis primarily occur?

    <p>Red blood cells and skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall reaction of galactose metabolism?

    <p>Galactose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of lactose intolerance on galactose metabolism?

    <p>Affects galactose metabolism by releasing glucose and galactose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzyme that converts galactose to galactose-1-P?

    <p>Galactokinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major hexose found in blood?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition resulting from excessive galactose in the blood?

    <p>Galactosaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced during the digestion of dietary starch?

    <p>Maltose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are disaccharides formed?

    <p>By the condensation of two monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed during the formation of a disaccharide?

    <p>O-glycosidic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes a disaccharide non-reducing?

    <p>When the aldehyde or ketone groups of the two sugars are both involved in forming the glycosidic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are sucrose and lactose examples of?

    <p>Disaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum glucose requirement for a healthy adult?

    <p>180g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of glucose requirement is used by the CNS?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissues only use glucose?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of glycolysis in cells?

    <p>To produce energy (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is glycolysis carried out in cells?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many steps are there in glycolysis?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition required for aerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Normal oxygen supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Oxygen supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells carry out anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Red blood cells and cells exposed to low oxygen supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

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