Polynomial Functions - Unit Review

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Questions and Answers

To divide polynomials using long division, you must first divide the ______ term of the dividend by the leading term of the divisor.

leading

Synthetic division is a shortcut method for dividing a polynomial by a ______ linear expression.

linear

When using synthetic division, the ______ of the divisor is used as the test value.

opposite

The Remainder Theorem states that if a polynomial, P(x), is divided by x - a, then the remainder is equal to ______.

<p>P(a)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Factor Theorem states that a binomial (x - a) is a ______ of a polynomial P(x) if and only if P(a) = 0.

<p>factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

To find the possible rational roots of a polynomial equation, we use the ______ Theorem.

<p>Rational Root</p> Signup and view all the answers

A double root indicates that the root is repeated ______ times.

<p>twice</p> Signup and view all the answers

The volume of a rectangular prism can be calculated by multiplying the ______, width, and height.

<p>length</p> Signup and view all the answers

The profit, P (in millions of dollars) for a manufacturer of Tacky Thingamabobs can be modeled by the function, P ( x ) =− x 4 + 7 x3 − 12 x 2 − 4 x + 38 where x is the number of Tacky Thingamabobs produced (in millions). Currently, the company produces 4 million widgets and makes a profit of $22,000,000. What ______ number of widgets could the company produce and still make the same profit?

<p>lesser</p> Signup and view all the answers

The depth of the pool is x meters, the width of the pool is 8 more than twice the depth and the length is five times the depth. If the volume of the pool is 3600 m3, then what is the ______ of the pool?

<p>depth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Find the polynomial function of least degree in ______ form given zeros of 3 and − 1 − 3i

<p>standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

Find the polynomial function of least degree in ______ form given zeros of -5 and − 1 + 2 3

<p>standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the function that has the given the points in ______ form.( −2, 0 ) , (−5, 0), (1, 0), (0, 0), (−4, −5)

<p>factored</p> Signup and view all the answers

F ( x ) = − ( x − 2) ( x + 4) /2 , Zeros and ______

<p>multiplicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

F ( x ) = x 6 − x5 − 2 x 4 + 2 x3 + x 2 − x, End ______

<p>Behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Factors and their ______

<p>multiplicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Volume of a Pool

The volume can be calculated as depth × width × length.

Profit Function

P(x) = −x^4 + 7x^3 − 12x^2 − 4x + 38 models the profit.

Zeros of Polynomial

Zeros are values of x that make f(x) = 0.

End Behavior

Describes the direction of the graph as x approaches ±∞.

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Extrema

Extrema are local maximums and minimums of a function.

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Multiplicity

Multiplicity indicates how many times a zero appears.

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Factored Form

A polynomial expressed as a product of its factors.

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Polynomial Degree

The degree is the highest power of x in a polynomial.

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Polynomial Division

The process of dividing one polynomial by another using long or synthetic division.

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Synthetic Division

A shorthand method of dividing a polynomial by a linear divisor, simplifying calculations.

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Rational Roots Theorem

A theorem that provides a way to find possible rational roots of a polynomial equation.

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Factoring a Polynomial

The process of breaking down a polynomial into simpler expressions that can be multiplied together.

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Evaluating a Polynomial

Substituting a specific value into a polynomial to calculate its value.

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Polynomial Zeros

Values of x that make a polynomial function equal to zero.

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Degree of a Polynomial

The highest power of the variable in a polynomial, determining its behavior.

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Evaluation of P(x)

The process of finding the value of the polynomial P at a specific point x.

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Study Notes

Polynomial Functions - Unit Review

  • Section 1: Polynomial Division
    • Long division is used to divide polynomials
    • Example 1: (3x² - 2x² + 3x - 1) ÷ (x² + 3)
    • Example 2: (2x³ - 3x² + 2x² + 3x - 2) ÷ (x² - 2x + 1)

Section 2: Applications of Synthetic Division

  • Synthetic Division: A method for dividing polynomials, especially when the divisor is in the form (x - c).
    • Example 3: (x² - 2x + 5) ÷ (x - 3)
    • Example 4: (x³ - 3x² + 5x - 1) ÷ (x + 2)
    • Evaluating Functions using Synthetic Division:
      • Example 5: Evaluate P(x) = x³ – 3x² - 2x + 5 for P(2)
      • Example 6: Evaluate P(x) = x³ – 3x² - 2x + 5 for P(-1)

Section II: Solving Polynomial Equations

  • Rational Root Theorem: Used to find possible rational roots of polynomial equations.

    • Example 9: 2x³ - 3x² + 2x = 8
    • Example 10: 4x³ - 2x² + 3x - 10 = 0
  • Determining Roots/Zeros:

    • Given a factor, find the other roots.
    • Example 11: 6x³ - 11x² - 3x + 2 = 0 ; (x - 2) is a factor
    • Example 12: x⁴ + 3x³ + x² - 3x² - 2x = 0 ; x = -1 is a double root

Section III: Practical Problems

  • Word Problems involving Polynomials
    • Example 17: A pool’s volume is given by a polynomial function; how deep is the pool?
    • Example 18: A profit function relates profit to the number of items; at what production level does profit equal $22,000,000?

Section IV: Graphing Polynomials

  • Graphing Polynomials:
    • Example 19: Sketch f(x) = -(x - 2)²(x + 4)
    • Analyze zeros, multiplicity, end-behavior, and extrema
    • Example 20: Sketch f(x) = x⁴ - x³ - 2x² + 2x² + x² - x
    • Analyze zeros, multiplicity, end-behavior, and extrema

Section V: Writing Rules for Polynomial Functions

  • Polynomial Function Rules:
    • Find a polynomial function from given zeros.
    • Example 21: Find the polynomial function of least degree given zeros of 3 and −1 − 3i
    • Example 22: Find a polynomial function given zeros of -5 and −1 + 2\√3
    • Example 23: Write the equation from the graph
    • Example 24: Write the equation given the point values

Section VI: Interpreting Graphs

  • Graph Interpretation:
    • Example 25 and 26: Analyze the graphs for zeros, multiplicity, end-behavior, leading coefficients, and degree.
    • Analyze features of the graph

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