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Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for the end groups of polymers residing perpendicular to the bulk of the polymers?

The polymer surfaces are faced with an oil atmosphere

The polymer surfaces are always flat

The end is more hydrophilic compared to the bulk

The end is less hydrophobic compared to the bulk (correct)

What is the shape of the polymer chain at the surface when the amount of polymer is small?

Brush shape

Tangled shape

Pancake shape (correct)

Mushroom shape

What happens as the concentration of polymer increases?

The polymer ends form brushes (correct)

The surface becomes more hydrophobic

The polymer chain lays parallel to the surface

The polymer chain becomes more tangled

What is the definition of a surface used in this context?

The outermost atomic layers Signup and view all the answers

Why do the polymer surfaces generally differ from the bulk material?

Because of the chemical and physical composition Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the concentration of polymer is increased, but not high enough to form brushes?

The polymer chain forms a mushroom shape Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)?

To identify the elemental composition of a surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the depth of analysis for AES and XPS?

To a depth of about 1 nm Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs during an Auger transition?

Incident electrons interact with inner shell electrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation that expresses the energy of the Auger electrons?

Ea = E1 - Ei + E2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs during XPS?

X-rays interact with core electrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy equation that expresses the kinetic energy of the x-ray photoelectrons?

Ek = hν - Eb - ϕ Signup and view all the answers