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What is the term for the smaller molecules that serve as the building blocks of a polymer?
What is the term for the smaller molecules that serve as the building blocks of a polymer?
What is the term used to describe the repeating units of a polymer?
What is the term used to describe the repeating units of a polymer?
What is the Arabic translation of 'Identical' in the context of chemistry?
What is the Arabic translation of 'Identical' in the context of chemistry?
What is the term used to describe a single small piece in the context of chemistry?
What is the term used to describe a single small piece in the context of chemistry?
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What is the Arabic translation of 'Building blocks' in the context of chemistry?
What is the Arabic translation of 'Building blocks' in the context of chemistry?
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What is the category that DNA and RNA belong to?
What is the category that DNA and RNA belong to?
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What is the characteristic that distinguishes the first three classes of molecules from the fourth?
What is the characteristic that distinguishes the first three classes of molecules from the fourth?
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What is the common feature of carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins?
What is the common feature of carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins?
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What is the term used to describe the structure of nucleic acids?
What is the term used to describe the structure of nucleic acids?
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What is the characteristic that makes nucleic acids and proteins important for living organisms?
What is the characteristic that makes nucleic acids and proteins important for living organisms?
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What is the term used to describe the size of carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins?
What is the term used to describe the size of carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins?
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What is the definition of hydrolysis?
What is the definition of hydrolysis?
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What happens to the water molecule during hydrolysis?
What happens to the water molecule during hydrolysis?
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What is an example of hydrolysis within our bodies?
What is an example of hydrolysis within our bodies?
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What is the opposite process of hydrolysis?
What is the opposite process of hydrolysis?
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What happens to the bond between monomers during hydrolysis?
What happens to the bond between monomers during hydrolysis?
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What happens to the water molecule during the formation of a bond between two monomers?
What happens to the water molecule during the formation of a bond between two monomers?
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What is the function of enzymes in the process of polymers formation?
What is the function of enzymes in the process of polymers formation?
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What is the result of the dehydration reaction between two monomers?
What is the result of the dehydration reaction between two monomers?
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What is the process called when polymers are broken down into monomers?
What is the process called when polymers are broken down into monomers?
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What is the type of bond formed between two monomers during the dehydration reaction?
What is the type of bond formed between two monomers during the dehydration reaction?
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What is the result of the repeated dehydration reaction between monomers?
What is the result of the repeated dehydration reaction between monomers?
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What is the role of the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the dehydration reaction?
What is the role of the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the dehydration reaction?
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What is the purpose of the dehydration reaction in the formation of polymers?
What is the purpose of the dehydration reaction in the formation of polymers?
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What is the primary cause of inherited differences between close relatives, such as human siblings?
What is the primary cause of inherited differences between close relatives, such as human siblings?
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What type of molecules exhibit small variations that contribute to inherited differences between close relatives?
What type of molecules exhibit small variations that contribute to inherited differences between close relatives?
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What is the significance of small variations in polymers in the context of inherited traits?
What is the significance of small variations in polymers in the context of inherited traits?
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How do small variations in polymers, particularly DNA and proteins, affect the similarity between close relatives?
How do small variations in polymers, particularly DNA and proteins, affect the similarity between close relatives?
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What is the result of small variations in polymers, particularly DNA and proteins, in the context of close relatives?
What is the result of small variations in polymers, particularly DNA and proteins, in the context of close relatives?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Macromolecules
- Macromolecules are large molecules found in all living things, from bacteria to elephants.
- There are four main classes of macromolecules: carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids.
- Nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates are huge molecules, therefore called macromolecules.
Monomers and Polymers
- Monomers are smaller molecules that serve as building blocks of a polymer.
- When a bond forms between two monomers, each monomer loses a part of the water molecule, releasing a hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom.
- This reaction is repeated as monomers are added to the chain, making a polymer through dehydration or polymerization.
Dehydration Reaction
- Dehydration reaction is a process where monomers are bonded together to form a polymer, releasing a water molecule.
- This reaction is repeated as monomers are added to the chain, making a polymer.
Hydrolysis
- Hydrolysis is the reaction where polymers get disassembled to monomers.
- This process is the reverse of the dehydration reaction.
- The bond between monomers is broken by the addition of a water molecule, releasing a hydrogen and a hydroxyl group.
Importance of Macromolecules
- Inherited differences between close relatives, such as human siblings, are because of small variations in polymers, particularly DNA and proteins.
Biological Processes
- Hydrolysis occurs in the process of digestion within our bodies.
- Enzymes, which are specialized proteins, facilitate dehydration and hydrolysis reactions in cells.
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Description
Learn about the fundamental components of polymers, including monomers and their role as building blocks. Understand the concept of repeating units in polymer structures.
