POLS 1150 Exam 3 Study Guide - Civil Rights Timeline

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What did the Defense of Marriage Act in 2003 ban?

Federal recognition of same-sex marriage (correct)

Federal recognition of opposite-sex marriage

State recognition of same-sex marriage

Recognition of civil unions

Why was the Defense of Marriage Act controversial regarding the full faith and credit clause?

It had no relation to the full faith and credit clause

It only applied to federal recognition

It allowed states to ignore same-sex marriages from other states (correct)

It required states to recognize same-sex marriages from other states

In which year did the Supreme Court establish a constitutional right to gay marriage?

1996

2015

2013 (correct)

2003

What did the court rule in United States v. Windsor regarding the Defense of Marriage Act?

It found the Act violated due process and equal protection clauses Signup and view all the answers

What did George Washington warn against in his Farewell Address in 1796?

The dangers of political parties Signup and view all the answers

Which were the first two major political parties in America?

Federalist Party and Whig Party Signup and view all the answers

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1875 aim to achieve?

Ban any discrimination from public business Signup and view all the answers

In the Civil Rights Cases (1883), the decision settled several separate cases and concluded that the equal protection clause applies...

Only to state government Signup and view all the answers

What was the main argument in Plessy v. Ferguson regarding segregation?

Segregation is a violation of the 14th amendment's equal protection clause Signup and view all the answers

When did the Supreme Court overturn the doctrine of 'separate but equal' established in Plessy v. Ferguson?

1954 Signup and view all the answers

In Bolling v. Sharpe, what was the significance of the doctrine of 'reverse incorporation'?

It extended due process rights to the federal government Signup and view all the answers

What does 'reverse incorporation' refer to?

Extending responsibilities from state to federal government Signup and view all the answers

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 establish?

Bans discrimination in public accommodations Signup and view all the answers

In Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, what was the main issue regarding the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

If Congress can regulate racial discrimination by private businesses Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Regents of the University of California v. Bakke?

Some affirmative action programs are constitutional, but Bakke's case was unconstitutional Signup and view all the answers

What did Adarand Constructors v. Pena establish about affirmative action?

Strict scrutiny should be applied to affirmative action programs Signup and view all the answers

Which act prohibits discrimination in voting?

Voting Rights Act of 1965 Signup and view all the answers

What principle did Congress rely on to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Power to regulate commerce Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of PACs (Political Action Committees)?

To advocate for the election or defeat of candidates Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 527 organizations from PACs?

They can donate unlimited amounts without disclosing donors Signup and view all the answers

Who can create a PAC?

Corporations, interest groups, labor unions, etc. Signup and view all the answers

Why are corporations prohibited from contributing directly to PACs?

To prevent undue influence in political campaigns Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organization does not have to disclose their donors?

527 organizations Signup and view all the answers

What action can the president take to veto a bill passed by Congress?

Take no action on the bill Signup and view all the answers

What is required for Congress to override a presidential veto?

A 2/3 majority in both chambers Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Rules Committee in the House of Representatives?

Determining debate time and amendments for bills Signup and view all the answers

If the President takes no action on a bill for 10 days while Congress is still in session, what happens to the bill?

It automatically becomes law Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of votes in both chambers of Congress is needed to override a presidential veto?

67% Signup and view all the answers