Politics and Governance in Healthcare

Study Notes

Politics and Governance in Healthcare

The presentation is about the political and governance aspects of healthcare, particularly focusing on the reproductive health law policy process.

Dissecting the Reproductive Health Law Policy Process: Outline

The presentation outlines the process of a reproductive health law.
The process includes reviewing the power play using a health policy triangle.
Understanding the threshold for legislation is also included.
The presentation assesses the balance between legal values and scientific evidence.

Content, Context, Process, and Actors

The presentation analyzes the reproductive health law using a policy triangle.
The triangle's points represent content, context, actors, and process.

Policy Triangle: Components

Content is the legislative aims.
Context is the background setting, encompassing historical, cultural, and social factors.
Actors are the involved people, groups, and institutions.
Process is the step-by-step implementation and changes.

Data from Healthcare Policies

Data, in the form of a graph, shows maternal mortality rates.
The rates have decreased over the observation period.
The years represented are 1993 (NDS), 1998 (NDHS), 2006 (FPS), and 2011 (FHS).
Each year shows the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. (Exact numbers provided for each year).

Comparing Effectiveness of Contraceptive Methods

The presentation details various contraceptive methods.
These methods are categorized by effectiveness.
More effective methods produce fewer pregnancies per 100 women per year.
Methods like implants and IUDs fall in this category, with a pregnancy rate less than 1 pregnancy per 100 women per year.
Less effective methods are associated with higher pregnancy rates(approx. 30 pregnancies per 100 women per year).

How a Bill Becomes a Law in the Philippines

The presentation explores the process a bill takes to become a law in the Philippines, specifically from a congressional perspective.
The first step mentions the type of measures the congress can consider, including bills related to economy, trade, and budgetary appropriations, as well as joint and concurrent resolutions, relating to amendments and matters concerning the operations of both houses, respectively.
Bill Referrals: Once a measure is introduced and numbered, the reading of the title and its author(s) takes place.
Committee Reviews: Bills are examined by senate committees, which act as "little legislatures" deciding their fate. This involves potential approval or rejection, amendments, rewriting the entire bill, or accepting it without modifications.
Committee Reports: Committee reports will explain the purpose of the bill and the proposed changes. Reports are organized chronologically.
Calendaring for Floor Debates: The presentation describes the senate's use of various calendars for scheduling debates. The categories include ordinary business, special orders, and considerations for the third reading.
In the course of debates(on the floor for consideration), the author of the bill outlines the reasons for the bill, senators debate on the merits and shortcomings of the bill, debate and interpellations occur, amendments are proposed if necessary, and then a vote.
Third Reading: A second reading and vote takes place. If the vote is affirmative, a third reading, with conferences, interpellations, and rebuttals, will be scheduled. A vote is taken after a required timeframe for final copies to be printed and distributed to members. The bill can be passed into law unless the president calls for immediate enactment to address public calamities or emergencies.
House of Representatives: The bill will be sent to the lower house for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd reading.
Return to Senate: This is followed by a return to the senate, which will review the compatibility of the two versions. A final version is prepared and submitted to the Malacanang Palace. The presidential approval/veto process concludes the legislation process.