Questions and Answers
Which political system prioritizes collective goals over individual goals?
According to the provided content, what is the primary characteristic of Communism?
Which of the following is a key difference between Socialism and Capitalism?
What does the term 'transition economies' refer to?
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What was the main trigger for the protests in Hong Kong in 2019?
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How does the Hong Kong case illustrate the tension between collectivism and individualism?
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Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of a democratic system?
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Which of the following is an example of how changes in political economies can impact businesses?
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What is the core principle of individualism, as described in the text?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a democratic political system?
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Which political philosophy emphasizes the importance of private property for economic progress?
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How does the text define 'collectivism' in relation to political systems?
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Which of the following is a key difference between democracy and totalitarianism?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of a democratic political system, according to the text?
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How does the text characterize the relationship between individualism and economic self-interest?
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Which of the following is a central tenet of totalitarianism, as described in the text?
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What major political change occurred in many nation-states since the late 1980s?
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Which economic model has gained momentum in many countries since the late 1980s?
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What does the spread of democracy since the late 1980s signify for individual liberties?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the end of the Cold War?
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What is a possible consequence of the transition to democracy in various nations?
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What overarching theme has emerged regarding global geopolitics after the Cold War?
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According to Francis Fukuyama, the end of the Cold War might indicate what?
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What can be inferred about the global economy following the democratic trends observed since the late 1980s?
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Study Notes
Political Systems
- Social Democrats advocate for socialism through democratic means
- Individualism is a political system that prioritizes individual interests over those of the state
- Aristotle (384-322 BC) believed that private property is more productive than communal property, promoting progress
- Individualism has two central tenets: individual freedom and self-expression (John Stuart Mill), and allowing people to pursue their own economic self-interest (Adam Smith)
Democracy and Totalitarianism
- Democracy is a political system where people elect representatives to form the government
- Democracy demands:
- Freedom of expression
- Free media
- Regular elections
- Limited terms for representatives
- Fair court system
- Non-political police and army
- Totalitarianism is a system where constitutional guarantees, such as individual rights, free media, and regular elections, are denied to citizens
States in Transition
- Since the late 1980s, there has been a trend towards democratic revolutions, replacing totalitarian governments with democratically elected ones
- There has been a shift towards a more free market economic model, away from centrally planned and mixed economies
- Francis Fukuyama argues that the end of the Cold War and the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union may be witnessing the end of history
Country Differences
- Hong Kong protests in 2019 and 2020 were sparked by proposed amendments allowing extraditions to mainland China and demands for wider democratic reforms
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of political systems, including individualism and collectivism, and their implications on the state and private property.
