Political Systems and Economic Factors Quiz

Vocabulary Terms

• Political: Related to governance and authority.
• Economic: Pertaining to money, resources, and production factors.
• Social: Involving people and their interactions.

Types of Political Systems

• Democracy: Government by the people (e.g., 20th Century U.S., France, Britain).
• Monarchy: Governed by a king or queen; can be absolute or limited.
  • Absolute Monarchy: Monarch wields total power (e.g., Louis XIV).
  • Limited Monarchy: Royal power is constrained by laws or a constitution (e.g., Magna Carta signed by King John I).
• Totalitarianism: Government controls all aspects of life; often employs censorship, propaganda, and secret police (e.g., Stalin's regime in the USSR).

Types of Economies

• Traditional: Barter system with a focus on family jobs.
• Command: Government determines production and sales.
• Mixed: Combination of market and command economies.
• Market: Driven by supply and demand with minimal government interference.

Types of Maps

• Political Maps: Show cities, countries, and boundaries.
• Physical Maps: Illustrate geographic features like mountains and rivers.
• Population Maps: Detail where people live.

Types of Jobs

• Archeologist: Studies past cultures and artifacts (e.g., Shang bronze pot).
• Anthropologist: Examines the origins and development of societies.
• Geographer: Analyzes people, environments, and available resources.
• Economist: Explores scarcity, production, and the distribution of goods and services, focusing on supply and demand dynamics.

Religions

• Judaism: Monotheistic; follows the Torah and 10 Commandments, with Moses as a prophet.
• Hinduism: Polytheistic; embraces the caste system, with concepts like Moksha (liberation) and Karma (action).
• Buddhism: Founded by Buddha; follows the 4 Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path to reach Nirvana.
• Christianity: Monotheistic; based on the Bible and the teachings of Jesus. Consists of Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant branches.
• Islam: Monotheistic; centers around the Koran and the Five Pillars, with Mohammed as the prophet and a focus on pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca.
• Confucianism: Emphasizes filial piety and respect within hierarchical relationships.

Neolithic Revolution

• Marked a shift from nomadic lifestyles (hunting and gathering) to settled farming and animal domestication.
• Led to the creation of civilizations based in river valleys.
• Civilizations characterized by complex institutions, including government, language, writing systems, religion, economy, social structure, specialized jobs, art, architecture, and infrastructure (roads and bridges).