Political Science: Understanding Constitutions

<p>The world of political institutions and authority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specific laws governing trade regulations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>India (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited number of amendments over time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clauses that are fundamentally unchangeable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A legislature with two separate chambers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making laws and forming governments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>President (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Single legislative body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political executive decides and runs government policy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To achieve political stability by strengthening the executive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chancellor-type system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires an alternative majority for the chancellor to be removed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ministers are not subject to a vote of no-confidence by parliament (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ministers are chosen by the parliament for fixed terms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selection and legitimacy of the head of state (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monarchy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appointment rights and diplomatic functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The executive's relationship with the legislature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parliamentary system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Managing daily government operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chancellor type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is a directly elected president with strong powers and a parliament. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequent legislative deadlocks due to divided leadership. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directorial system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>France (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant influence on legislation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presidential powers are significantly strong, resembling presidential systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They execute laws only (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cold War dynamics, particularly with the Soviet Union. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The executive can be dismissed through a vote of confidence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The electorate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has mostly symbolic powers with no political accountability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weaker political parties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overlapping functions of the executive and legislature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power to impeach members of the legislature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct election by the electorate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Between governing parties and opposition forces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>USA model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fragmented party systems and economic instability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The organizational structure of a political system, encompassing all rules, bodies, and organs of political authority.

A set of rules, both written and unwritten, outlining state institutions' roles, powers, and how they interact, along with citizens' rights and duties.

A formal, single document with the core constitutional provisions; it outlines governmental structure, symbols, institutions, separation of powers, rights, and amendment procedures.

Methods to prevent easy changes to the constitution, often requiring supermajorities or referendums.

The division of governmental powers among different branches (e.g., legislature, executive, judiciary) to prevent concentration of power.

A constitution that doesn't change frequently.

A constitution that changes often.

A legislature with a single house.

A legislature with two houses (or chambers).

The duties of a legislature, especially law-making and oversight.

The part of a government that implements laws and policies.

A government structure where the head of state is also the head of government.

A government structure with separate head of state and head of government.

A system where the Prime Minister (Chancellor) holds significant power, chosen by the parliament and responsible for forming the government. They have stronger parliamentary authority and can appoint ministers.

A special procedure to remove the Chancellor where a majority vote is required not just to dismiss, but also to elect a new Chancellor. This makes it harder to bring down the government.

In a Chancellor-type system, individual ministers are not directly accountable to the parliament and can only be dismissed by the Chancellor, not through individual no-confidence votes.

Germany is a prime example of a Chancellor-type system, where the Chancellor holds significant power, appoints ministers, and faces limited parliamentary accountability.

While resembling a Chancellor-type system, the Hungarian model differs due to the curtailment of the Chancellor's power by the federal system, unlike the German system.

The highest-ranking official representing a nation, embodying its unity and often holding ceremonial powers. This position can be hereditary (monarch) or elected (president).

The leader responsible for the day-to-day running of a nation's government, often accountable to the legislature. This can be a prime minister or president.

A system where the head of state is a hereditary monarch, holding power based on tradition and lineage.

A system where the head of state is elected, typically by the people, and holds power based on the constitution.

A system where the head of government (prime minister) is chosen by and accountable to the legislature (parliament). The head of state (often a monarch) has limited power.

A system where the head of state and head of government are one person (president), directly elected by the people and independent of the legislature.

A hybrid system combining aspects of parliamentary and presidential systems. The chancellor (head of government) is accountable to the parliament while the president holds ceremonial powers.

A system where the president shares power with the prime minister. The president holds more power than in a parliamentary system but less than in a presidential system.

A group of top-level government officials (ministers) responsible for managing specific departments and advising the head of government.

The activities and responsibilities of a government, including planning, policymaking, managing finances, implementing laws, and coordinating national affairs.

A situation in semi-presidential systems where the president and prime minister come from different political parties, leading to potential conflict and deadlock.

A prime example of a semi-presidential system with a strong president but a relatively weak presidential veto.

A system resembling a semi-presidential system, but with a president holding more power and control over the executive branch.

In a parliamentary system, the executive branch (government) is responsible to the legislature. This means the government can be dismissed by a vote of no confidence.

In a parliamentary system, the head of state (monarch or president) is different from the head of government (prime minister). The head of state holds mostly symbolic power, while the prime minister leads the government.

A vote in the legislature where members express their lack of confidence in the government. If a majority votes against the government, it must resign.

In a presidential system, the president's legitimacy comes from direct election by the people, giving them a strong mandate.

The president in a presidential system has broad powers including appointing officials, commanding the military, and vetoing legislation.

Refers to new models of government emerging in response to challenges faced by traditional systems, like those seen after World Wars and economic crises.

A political system where many parties exist and no single party has a majority, leading to unstable governments and frequent changes in leadership.