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Political Science: Power, Authority, and Legitimacy
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Political Science: Power, Authority, and Legitimacy

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Questions and Answers

What is the foundation of authority according to the given information?

  • The material benefits received
  • The emotional connection with the leader
  • The constraint of achieving one's will
  • The legitimacy of the power holder (correct)

    • What is the guarantee of achieving one's will according to the constraint mentioned?

  • Material benefits received
  • Absence or insufficiency of legitimacy (correct)
  • Legitimacy of the power holder
  • Emotional connection with the leader

    • What did Max Webber mean by saying that the concept of power is sociologically amorphous?

  • The concept of power is vague and lacks clear definition (correct)
  • The concept of power is very clear and easy to understand
  • The concept of power is not important in political science
  • The concept of power is only relevant in economics

    • What is the main problem with the concept of power according to Colin Hay?

    <p>It is too vague and lacks clear definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal-type according to Max Weber?

    <p>A set of abstract concepts derived from observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do individuals show a minimum of will to obey according to the text?

    <p>For a variety of reasons including habit, emotional, material, and ideal reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central notion in political science?

    <p>Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dual resource in every power relation according to the text?

    <p>Legitimacy and constraint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who defined power as the ability of a person A to get a person B to do something they would not have done without the intervention of A?

    <p>Robert Dahl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the substantialist approach and the institutionalist approach to power?

    <p>The substantialist approach sees power as a possession, while the institutionalist approach sees power as a set of rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fundamental to the stability of power according to the text?

    <p>The legitimacy of the power holder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do individuals obey authority according to Max Weber?

    <p>Due to various reasons including material, emotional, and ideal reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the relational approach to power?

    <p>The social relation between individuals or groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who wrote about the invisible power linked to the internalization of constraint?

    <p>Steven Lukes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ideal-type help to do according to Max Weber?

    <p>Compare different social phenomena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of understanding power in political science?

    <p>It is essential because it is a central notion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of traditional authority?

    <p>Customs and habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when traditional authority is not exercised in accordance with tradition?

    <p>The legitimacy of the authority will vanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of charismatic authority?

    <p>It is linked to an individual's exceptional quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of legal-rational authority?

    <p>It is a form of domination that depersonalizes the exercise of power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a charismatic leader's disappearance?

    <p>The authority disappears and we go back to a traditional or legal-rational type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of rulers in a legal-rational system?

    <p>They submit themselves to the rules they instore and abide by higher principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between traditional and legal-rational authority?

    <p>Traditional authority is based on customs, while legal-rational authority is based on written rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the juridicisation of power relations in a legal-rational system?

    <p>To depersonalize the exercise of power and make it more predictable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of traditional domination?

    <p>It is based on habits and customs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of legal-rational domination in democratic societies?

    <p>It relies on habits, but is also codified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a specificity of political power?

    <p>It is exercised over the whole of society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of political power?

    <p>It defines the prerogatives and limits of all powers in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for the exercise of political power?

    <p>It must result in physical constraint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the State in modern societies?

    <p>It is the embodiment of political power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of State sanctions?

    <p>They are decided by political institutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of political power in modern societies?

    <p>It is institutionalized in State structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of the phrase 'the personal is political'?

    <p>Revealing the political character of personal matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the new fields of study in political science?

    <p>Family, sexuality, and class, in addition to traditional topics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the concept of patriarchy?

    <p>It highlights the social relations of power and domination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the State in our social realities?

    <p>To determine fundamental aspects of our lives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of the State's decisions on our lives?

    <p>Determines time changes, holidays, and education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of naturalization in power dynamics?

    <p>It presents certain groups as naturally unfit for power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the relational approach to power?

    <p>The analysis of power structures and relations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of self-discipline in power dynamics?

    <p>Consent to domination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Power, Authority, and Legitimacy

    • Max Weber (1921) and Colin Hay (2002) emphasize the importance of understanding power in political science, despite its vague concept.

    Approaches to Power

    • Plural approach:
      • Substantialist approach: power is something that can be possessed or lost, and can be exercised.
      • Institutional approach: power is linked to the state and institutions, with a legal definition and rules.
      • Relational approach: power is a relation between individuals or groups, always "over" someone.

    Relational Approach to Power

    • Robert Dahl (1961): power is the ability to get someone to do something they wouldn't do without intervention.
    • Peter Bachrach and Morton Baratz (1962): power is the ability to prevent someone from doing something.
    • Steven Lukes (1974): power includes invisible power linked to internalized constraints.

    Legitimacy and Authority

    • Legitimacy is fundamental to the stability of power, and is based on belief.
    • Ideal-type authority, according to Max Weber, is a set of abstract concepts derived from observation and sociological analysis.

    Types of Legitimate Authority

    • Traditional authority: derives from customs, habit, and tradition.
    • Legal-rational authority: exercise of power is organized by written rules, depersonalizing the exercise of power.
    • Charismatic authority: linked to an individual's exceptional qualities, often in exceptional or transitory situations.

    Political Power

    • Specificities of political power:
      • Exercised on the whole of society.
      • Defines the prerogatives and limits of all powers in society.
      • May result in sanctions, including physical constraint.
    • Political power tends to become institutionalized in State structures in modern societies.

    Conclusion: A Gendered Perspective on Power

    • The "personal is political" implies that political power and domination are also deployed in the private sphere.
    • The conceptualization of "patriarchy" and the consideration of new questions as legitimate fields of study for political science.

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    Related Documents

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    Description

    This quiz explores the concept of power in political science, including the views of Max Weber and Colin Hay on its significance and challenges in understanding.

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