Questions and Answers
What type of government does the Philippines have?
Which branch of the Philippine government is responsible for making laws?
What significant change occurred during the American period in the Philippines?
How long does the President of the Philippines serve in office?
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What was a major consequence of the martial law declared by Ferdinand Marcos?
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What feature is characteristic of the Philippine political party system?
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Which document established the current government framework of the Philippines?
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During which period were the Filipinos introduced to centralized governance?
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What is the maximum term length for a President in the Philippines?
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Which of the following best describes the nature of the Philippine legislative branch?
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During which era did local government units in the Philippines gain significant autonomy?
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Which political party in the Philippines is primarily associated with social liberalism?
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Which document serves as the fundamental law of the Philippines?
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What was a major consequence of the Spanish period regarding governance in the Philippines?
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Which statement correctly reflects the power dynamics within the judicial branch of the Philippine government?
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Which period marked significant changes in public education and infrastructure in the Philippines?
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What is a significant feature of the political party system in the Philippines?
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How are local government units structured within the Philippine political system?
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Study Notes
Political Government in the Philippines
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Type of Government: Democratic republic with a presidential system.
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Structure:
- Executive Branch: Led by the President, who is both head of state and government.
- Legislative Branch: Bicameral Congress consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
- Judicial Branch: Independent judiciary headed by the Supreme Court.
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Elections:
- Regular elections for President, Vice President, Senators, and Representatives.
- The President serves a single six-year term with no re-election.
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Political Parties:
- Multiple parties including dominant ones like the PDP-Laban, Liberal Party, and Nacionalista Party.
- Coalition governments are common.
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Local Government:
- A decentralized system with autonomous regions, provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays (villages).
- Local officials are elected, promoting local governance.
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Constitution:
- The 1987 Constitution established the current government framework and enshrined fundamental rights.
Philippine History
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Pre-Colonial Period:
- Diverse tribal communities with local governance.
- Societies were organized into barangays led by chieftains.
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Spanish Colonization (1565-1898):
- Spanish rule introduced Christianity, centralized governance, and the galleon trade.
- Filipinos experienced socio-economic changes but also oppression and exploitation.
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American Period (1898-1946):
- The Philippines became a U.S. colony after the Spanish-American War.
- Significant developments included the establishment of a public education system and infrastructure improvements.
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World War II (1941-1945):
- Japanese occupation led to significant suffering and resistance movements.
- Post-war, the Philippines regained independence in 1946.
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Martial Law (1972-1981):
- President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law, leading to human rights abuses and suppression of dissent.
- The period ended with the People Power Revolution in 1986.
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Contemporary Era:
- Continued struggles with political corruption, governance issues, and peace negotiations with insurgent groups.
- The Philippines remains a key player in Southeast Asian politics and has a vibrant civil society.
Political Government in the Philippines
- Government System: Operates as a democratic republic with a presidential framework.
- Executive Branch: The President functions as both the head of state and head of government.
- Legislative Structure: Bicameral Congress is composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
- Judicial Authority: Features an independent judiciary, culminating in the Supreme Court.
- Elections: Regular elections are held for key positions, including President and Vice President; the President is limited to a single six-year term without re-election.
- Political Parties Landscape: Home to multiple parties with notable ones being PDP-Laban, Liberal Party, and Nacionalista Party; coalition governments are a frequent occurrence.
- Local Governance: A decentralized framework includes autonomous regions and various local government units like provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays; local officials are elected to encourage grassroots involvement.
- Foundational Document: The 1987 Constitution lays down the government's structure and guarantees fundamental rights.
Philippine History
- Pre-Colonial Society: Characterized by diverse tribal groups and localized governance, primarily organized into barangays led by Kapitans.
- Spanish Era (1565-1898): Spanish colonization brought Christianity, centralized rule, and the galleon trade, leading to socio-economic transformations intertwined with oppression.
- American Colonial Period (1898-1946): Post-Spanish-American War, the Philippines was governed as a U.S. colony; and saw advancements in public education and infrastructure.
- World War II Impacts (1941-1945): The Japanese occupation inflicted great suffering and led to widespread resistance; independence was regained post-war in 1946.
- Martial Law (1972-1981): Declared by President Ferdinand Marcos, this era was marked by human rights violations and stifled dissent; concluded with the People Power Revolution in 1986.
- Modern Challenges: Ongoing political corruption and governance dilemmas, alongside peace discussions with insurgent factions; the Philippines holds a vital role in Southeast Asian politics and maintains a lively civil society.
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Description
Explore the political structure of the Philippines, including its democratic republic system, the roles of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and the electoral process. Learn about the major political parties and the decentralized local government system established by the 1987 Constitution.
