Political Geography: States and Nations
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Questions and Answers

What primary purpose does the International Criminal Court (ICC) serve?

  • To establish diplomatic relations among nations.
  • To promote economic development in third-world states.
  • To regulate international trade agreements.
  • To investigate and try those charged with crimes. (correct)
  • Which regions are classified as part of the Global South?

  • Philippines and Egypt. (correct)
  • Australia and New Zealand.
  • USA and Canada.
  • China and Japan.
  • What event marked the end of the Cold War?

  • The signing of the Paris Agreement.
  • The dissolution of the United Nations.
  • The military conflict in Vietnam.
  • The dissolution of the Soviet Union. (correct)
  • What does the Brandt Line geographically represent?

    <p>The divide between richer and poorer nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the term 'Third World' and in what year?

    <p>Alfred Sauvy in 1952.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a source of international law?

    <p>International treaties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'opinio juris sive necessitatis' relate to in the context of international customs?

    <p>A belief that a practice is mandatory under international law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main purposes of the United Nations?

    <p>To promote international peace and stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization was established to ensure fair treatment in international trade?

    <p>World Trade Organization (WTO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of international law issue involves protecting individuals during wars?

    <p>Humanitarian law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a challenge addressed by international norms?

    <p>Human rights violations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many member countries does the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) have?

    <p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The European Union is primarily aimed at promoting cooperation in which areas?

    <p>Economic, political, and security matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the objective of the Asian-African Conference held in Bandung, Indonesia?

    <p>To develop the Non-Aligned Movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which countries were involved in the founding of OPEC?

    <p>Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ASEAN?

    <p>To foster intergovernmental cooperation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the widespread culture predominantly shared through social media?

    <p>Mainstream Culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'high culture'?

    <p>Cultural activities of upper-class elites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are mores as defined in social norms?

    <p>Moral norms linked to religious rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cultural determinism imply?

    <p>Culture shapes individuals' identity and behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Group of 77?

    <p>To promote trade and economic development among 130 members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes counterculture from subculture?

    <p>Subculture is consistent with mainstream culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes cultural ethnocentrism?

    <p>View that one's own culture is superior to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between acculturation and assimilation?

    <p>Acculturation allows for the maintenance of original cultural elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the notion of feminism?

    <p>Feminism advocates for equality between the sexes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Marshall McLuhan attribute to media in society?

    <p>Media changes societal behaviors and communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of trolling?

    <p>Creates discord by initiating off-topic quarrels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cyberbullying specifically refer to?

    <p>Bullying that occurs through digital devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of the spread of fake news?

    <p>Attract attention regardless of the content’s accuracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is described as the most dramatic form of migration?

    <p>The Refugee Phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'risk society' refer to?

    <p>A society unable to produce stability and sustainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to John Maynard Keynes, what should the government do during harsh economic times?

    <p>Intervene and increase spending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'sustainability' refer to in the context of development?

    <p>Long-term capacities of a system to exist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?

    <p>To guide policy and funding for global development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT considered a major turn in demographic transition?

    <p>Population growth stabilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'internal migration'?

    <p>Movement from one area to another within the same country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Temporary labour migrants are best described as individuals who:

    <p>Migrate for a limited period to take up employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which perspective suggests that migration is a result of disparities in income and employment opportunities?

    <p>Neo-classical Economic Perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the 'New Economics of Labour Migration' approach?

    <p>Highlights chances to secure employment as a migration cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of migrant is unable to return to their country of nationality due to various circumstances?

    <p>Refugees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major issue may arise if a population declines without being replaced by immigrants?

    <p>Ongoing decline of population sizes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes forced migrants?

    <p>Individuals moved due to environmental catastrophes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Political Maps and States

    • Political maps display countries, sovereign states, and dependencies.
    • A state is an independent political entity.
    • States are free from external control.

    Elements of a State

    • A state comprises people.
    • A state has a defined territory (aerial, terrestrial, fluvial, and maritime).
    • A state has a government—an institution of ruling power.
    • A state holds sovereignty—the ability to enact and enforce policies.

    Nation

    • A nation is a large group of people united by common descent or shared cultural identity.
    • Nations often share a common culture or religion.
    • Imagined communities is a notion of unity around religion or other concepts.

    Nation-State

    • A nation-state is a political organization where a people are united under a single government.
    • Nation-states typically possess shared national identities and defined physical borders.
    • There's shared national identity and a single government in a nation-state.

    Westphalian System

    • The Westphalian System, rooted in 1648 treaties, established modern nation-states and state sovereignty.
    • Treaties ended the 30 Years' War and the 80 Years' War.
    • Events like the 30 Years' War and the Spanish-Dutch War ended with the process.

    Global Governance

    • Global governance encompasses activities that individuals and institutions engage in to manage global issues.
    • It involves international cooperation and activities to deal with common affairs.
    • The mechanisms include concrete cooperative problem-solving.

    International Law & Doctrine

    • International law is a body of rules for relations among international subjects.
    • The doctrine of transformation suggests that international law must be adopted into domestic legal systems..
    • The doctrine of incorporation means that international law is automatically part of domestic law.
    • International law is derived from treaties, customs, judicial decisions, and legal scholarship.
    • International organizations and norms influence behavior (human rights).

    United Nations

    • The UN is established 1945, promotes peace, human rights, and economic development.
    • It has 193 member countries.
    • Headquarters are in New York City, USA.

    Other International Organizations

    • NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 1949)
    • WTO (World Trade Organization, 1995)
    • G20 (Group of Twenty, 1999)
    • ICC (International Criminal Court, 2002)

    Cold War and North-South Divide

    • The Cold War was a struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union after WWII.
    • North-South divide refers to the socio-economic and political division of countries into developed and developing nations.

    Demographic Transition

    • The demographic transition is a period of decline in fertility and mortality that began in 18th and 19th century Europe.
    • Positive and preventative checks impact populations, with preventative ones leading to marriage postponement.

    Migration

    • Migration is the movement of people across political boundaries.
    • It includes internal and international migration.
    • Several types of migrants include refugees, temporary workers, family members, and asylum seekers.

    Globalization

    • Globalization is the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries.
    • It involves numerous factors, including economic, social, political, and technological aspects.

    Sustainability and Risk Society

    • Ulrich Beck coined "risk society" to describe the challenges of modern societies in managing risks and uncertainties.
    • Sustainability is the ability of a system to endure over time.
    • The Brundtland Report and the Kyoto Protocol address environmental sustainability.

    Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

    • The United Nations set MDG for various goals, such as poverty reduction and promoting gender equality.
    • The MDGs lasted 15 years (2000-2015).

    Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

    • The UN initiated SDGs to build upon and extend goals from the MDGs.
    • These are now guide policies and funding for the next 15 years (2016-2030).

    Global Citizenship

    • Global citizenship refers to recognizing a moral obligation to one's society and the wider world.
    • Global citizenship is concerned with ethics and morality.

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    Description

    Explore the concepts of political maps, states, and nations in this quiz. Understand the essential elements that define a state, including territory, government, and sovereignty. Delve into the distinctions between nations and nation-states within the framework of the Westphalian system.

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