Political Dominance and Resource Exploitation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What factor brought the future of colonialism into question after World War II?

  • The devastating cost of the war (correct)
  • The establishment of trading posts
  • The role of explorers in colonization
  • The weakened state of Indigenous peoples

    • What are some features that John Perkins identifies as characteristics of an empire, based on the text?

  • Avoiding imposing its currency on lands under its control
  • Emphasizing a desire to avoid foreign entanglements
  • Maintaining a small military force
  • Spreading language, literature, art, and culture in its sphere of influence (correct)

    • What concept was invoked by the colonized populations to challenge the legitimacy of colonialism?

  • Colonial authority agreement
  • Principle of self-determination (correct)
  • Rule of exploration
  • Doctrine of imperialism

    • Which nations were independent by the end of the 20th century as a result of the decolonization movement?

    <p>Nearly all former European colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do many Americans, including political leaders, feel uncomfortable with the notion of the U.S. being an empire?

    <p>They are uncomfortable with the concept of exercising imperial control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Simon Jenkins, what challenges might the U.S. face as a global power in the future?

    <p>Suffering from self-delusion and geographic disadvantages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one legacy of European colonization mentioned in the text?

    <p>Imposing borders that divided tribal nations arbitrarily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the text, why did former President George W. Bush deny the U.S. as an empire?

    <p>To emphasize a desire to avoid foreign entanglements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does John Perkins describe the strategies employed by the U.S. to maintain a 'secret empire'?

    <p>Through resource exploitation and dissemination of influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region did Islamic forces not control by the end of the 16th century?

    <p>Western Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which characteristic was not associated with the modern European empires?

    <p>Establishing beneficial trade relationships with the colonized populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the legacy of empires in general?

    <p>Both a and b are correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an imperial power?

    <p>Isolating itself from global affairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following factors contributed to the rise of modernity in Europe?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the role of religion in the rise of modernity in Europe?

    <p>There was a gradual decline in the authority of religion during this time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the passage, which of the following statements about the United States is true?

    <p>The U.S. is an imperial power that must compete with other imperial states for global influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The doctrine of sovereignty asserts that the supreme power of the state only extends within the domestic sphere and not in the external realm.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Evans and Newnham (1998), the doctrine of state sovereignty relies on the existence of a supreme authority within the state known as 'the sovereign.'

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sovereign in a state can only be an individual such as a monarch and not a collective like a parliament representing the sovereignty of the people.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The doctrine of state sovereignty ensures that all states have a higher authority to serve as a ruler in the international system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The traditional doctrine of sovereignty creates order and prevents powerful states from forcefully taking over smaller states according to the text.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The theory of sovereignty was initially developed in the context of international politics.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nationalism is based on the principle of self-determination, implying that each nation should have its own state.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concept that nations and states are intertwined is a recent idea, originating from the state-building period following the Peace of Westphalia.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the time of Westphalia, there was a strong connection between the concepts of nation and state.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Montevideo Convention establishes the principle of non-aggression between states.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 'nation' refers to a formal territorial entity rather than a collective identity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The definition of 'a people' is universally agreed upon in the context of political recognition and territorial claims.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Montevideo Convention prohibits any form of military occupation or forceful measures imposed on a state's territory.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sovereignty refers to a state's supreme authority to govern itself without external control or influence.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nation-building involves creating a state and then unifying diverse groups into a coherent nation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Statecraft involves the skillful conduct of a state's internal affairs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenges do former colonies face in maintaining independent sovereign statehood according to the passage?

    <p>According to the passage, former colonies face challenges in maintaining independent sovereign statehood due to the continued and often harmful influence of their former colonizing states. Many of these states struggle to effectively exercise statehood, including issues with administering and controlling their own territory, which is characteristic of fragile states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the passage describe the concept of 'fragile states'?

    <p>The passage describes fragile states as those that lack the ability to effectively organize their societies and deliver adequate political, social, and economic goods to their citizens. These states are at risk of failing to maintain effective governance and control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'quasi-state' concept introduced in the passage?

    <p>The passage states that Robert Jackson coined the term 'quasi-state' to describe developing states that rely on international support and possess 'negative sovereignty'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what are some factors that can contribute to state failure?

    <p>The passage states that state failure can occur when a fragile state is overwhelmed by issues like corruption, incompetence, resource misallocation, human rights abuses, ethnic favoritism, and military involvement in politics, leading to social unrest, violence, economic breakdown, and political turmoil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes neoliberals from neorealists in the field of international relations?

    <p>Neoliberals view states as being influenced by domestic political constraints, while neorealists view states as unitary actors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did neoliberals expand the concept of security compared to neorealists in international political economy?

    <p>By including economic resources and recognizing the influence of domestic political constraints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do neoliberals describe the modern international system, contrasting with traditional realist views?

    <p>As a system characterized by complex interdependence involving multiple actors, agencies, and forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Nye (2009) illustrate world politics compared to traditional realist views?

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theoretical approach aligns with social constructivism theories, according to the text?

    <p>The English School</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of neorealism, as described in the text?

    <p>It focuses on the structure of the international system and disregards domestic politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did both neorealism and neoliberalism share as beliefs?

    <p>Theories should be simple, falsifiable, and testable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what decade did the liberal and realist schools of thought evolve into their 'neo' forms, according to the text?

    <p>1970s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the aim of the United Nations, as stated in the text?

    <p>To make the world a better place, inspired by classic liberal ideals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to neorealism, what determines the behavior of individual states in the international state system?

    <p>The structure of the entire international state system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory reemphasized the crucial role of power in an anarchic international environment as a response to neoliberalism?

    <p>Neorealism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to John Mearsheimer, what leads to great powers competing for power according to neorealism?

    <p>Need for self-protection in an anarchic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does neorealism suggest about the nature of the international system?

    <p>It is inherently dangerous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do neorealists like Waltz propose understanding the behavior of individual states in international relations?

    <p>By considering the structure of the entire international state system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key assertion of neorealism?

    <p>Leaders should resist domestic pressures and personal moralities, and focus solely on the international system to make rational decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key critique of neorealism's approach to international anarchy, according to the text?

    <p>Neorealism oversimplifies the role of international institutions in mitigating anarchy and power politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key contribution of Kenneth Waltz's 'Theory of International Politics' to the neorealist perspective, according to the text?

    <p>It provided a more scientifically rigorous approach to understanding global politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key contribution of neoliberal theorists to the understanding of international relations, according to the text?

    <p>They advocated for the recognition of non-state actors, such as transnational corporations and NGOs, as significant contributors to international relations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberals view states as unitary actors in international relations, similar to neorealists.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to neoliberals, the primary goal of states in the international system is to ensure their security through military means.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberals argue that relations of interdependence in the modern international system are more complex than those formed by military alliances alone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neorealists view the international system as a system of complex interdependence with multiple actors, agencies, and forces.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neorealists believe that states are the only significant actors in the international system.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to neorealism, understanding the intricacies of a state's domestic politics is crucial for predicting its behavior in the international system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neorealists believe that states need to amass power for self-protection due to the assurance against attacks between states in the anarchic international system.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberalism and neorealism have opposing views on how power dynamics influence state behavior in the international system.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberals expanded the concept of security compared to neorealists by emphasizing economic interdependence as a key factor in maintaining peace.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neorealism emphasizes that state decision-makers should prioritize international dynamics over domestic pressures.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to neoliberals like Robert Keohane, international institutions such as the UN have a minimal impact on mitigating the adverse effects of anarchy in international relations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State sovereignty is a concept that neorealists and neoliberals both share as a belief.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberal theorists like Robert Keohane criticized neorealism for oversimplifying the role of international institutions in managing the effects of anarchy in global politics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neorealism largely disregards the role of domestic politics in shaping a state's behavior in the international system.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberals broadened the concept of security beyond just military threats to include economic and environmental issues.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, the United Nations valued self-determination as a liberal principle.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neoliberalism views the international system as inherently anarchic, lacking an overarching authority.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage argues that state sovereignty ensures all states have a higher authority ruling over them internationally.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the security dilemma in international relations.

    <p>The security dilemma is when one state's efforts to enhance its security provoke insecurity in another state, leading to a cycle of military buildup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of self-determination entail according to liberal theory?

    <p>Self-determination encompasses the right of states to determine their policies, citizens to choose their government, and nationalist movements to pursue political autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does neorealism view the international system?

    <p>Neorealism views the international system as anarchic, where states need to amass power for self-protection due to the lack of a higher authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the concept of fragile states as mentioned in the text.

    <p>Fragile states are those facing challenges in governance, security, development, and the rule of law, making them susceptible to instability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did neoliberals play in expanding the concept of security compared to neorealists?

    <p>Neoliberals expanded the concept of security by emphasizing economic interdependence as a key factor in maintaining peace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the difference between education and learning, according to the text?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following statements about learning is true?

    <p>Learning can occur unconsciously and go unnoticed by the learner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of learning through personal experience, as described in the text?

    <p>Immersing oneself in nature and observing the environment directly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the percentage of 18-24 year old adults enrolled in post-secondary education in 1951?

    <p>6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between 'sponsored mobility' and 'contest mobility' in education systems?

    <p>Sponsored mobility involves early selection of students into different streams, while contest mobility aims to avoid early segregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately reflects the text's definition of education?

    <p>Education refers to the transmission of knowledge, skills, and values through formally organized and structured learning processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is a key characteristic of education that distinguishes it from learning?

    <p>Education is curriculum-based and follows a systematic course outline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the expansion of compulsory education in Canada change over time?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the 'sponsored mobility' model of education described in the passage?

    <p>To perpetuate the power and influence of the elite class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the information provided in the text, which of the following activities would be considered an example of education?

    <p>Attending a structured course with a predetermined curriculum and assignments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the 'contest mobility' model of education aim to differ from the 'sponsored mobility' model?

    <p>By allowing students to easily transition between different high schools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary language of instruction in the education system in Quebec compared to the rest of Canada?

    <p>French</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the 'Upper Canada College' and other similar elite schools described in the passage?

    <p>To train students for specific elite positions in society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the latent functions of schools?

    <p>Fostering a marriage market by integrating youth in shared spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Marxist conflict theory suggest about the role of schools?

    <p>Schools serve as agencies of social control that benefit the economic elite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a latent function of schools?

    <p>Promoting critical thinking skills to question societal norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can schools contribute to the creation of generation gaps?

    <p>By exposing students to different technologies and new ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges mentioned in the text regarding the role of schools?

    <p>Promoting open access status competition while nurturing all students</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows schools to provide a custodial function for parents?

    <p>Providing daycare and childcare services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the contrast between family and school?

    <p>In family, acceptance is unconditional, while in school, it is increasingly performance-based.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is one of the tasks of Canadian education?

    <p>To engage in democratic citizenship training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of education in the passage?

    <p>To provide job training and vocational skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what tension exists regarding the function of transmitting culture?

    <p>Whether to transmit a homogenous or pluralistic culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the quote by Thomas Huxley in 1877 emphasize?

    <p>The ability to do what is required, regardless of personal preferences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what does school represent for students?

    <p>An impersonal authority structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the prioritization of the various functions of education?

    <p>There are tensions in prioritizing the different functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is one of the aims of providing human enlightenment through education?

    <p>To foster a commitment to liberal education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following is a key characteristic of the Canadian education system?

    <p>The education system is based entirely on a contest mobility model, similar to the American system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the British and American education systems described in the passage?

    <p>The British system is based on sponsored mobility, while the American system is based on contest mobility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is one of the main purposes of requiring school uniforms in the UK?

    <p>To make class differences unidentifiable and prevent prejudice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the traditional "liberal vision" of universities and the more "utilitarian" view described in the passage?

    <p>The liberal vision promotes academic freedom and moral integrity, while the utilitarian view aligns universities with corporate interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what was a key characteristic of how universities were governed in Italy and France starting in the 1500s?

    <p>Students elected the university director and had a high degree of control over operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is a key criticism of streaming students into different educational levels at an early age?

    <p>It disadvantages students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds who may bloom later.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the "utilitarian" view of universities described in the passage?

    <p>Universities should partner with corporations and focus on high-tech and vocational training.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is a key rationale behind requiring school uniforms in the UK?

    <p>To make class differences unidentifiable and prevent prejudice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary criticism of universities receiving corporate funding?

    <p>It threatens academic freedom and objectivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the example of the documentary project 'Seeds of Change' illustrate?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the functionalist perspective, what is the primary purpose of education?

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the role of education in regulating social status?

    <p>It promotes an open mobility system based on achieved criteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functionalist view of student compliance in the education system?

    <p>Students must agree and cooperate with the school's selection process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the perspective presented in the text regarding the means of social transformation through education?

    <p>It is a minority view, aligned with a Marxist or conflict theory perspective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functionalist view of the relationship between education and socioeconomic status?

    <p>Education is one of the factors that influence an individual's socioeconomic status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the potential conflict between academic freedom and corporate funding?

    <p>The conflict is real, as corporations may control the release of information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are external rewards emphasized in the passage in both educational and job contexts?

    <p>By drawing parallels between grades and promotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the job market does the passage suggest that most people will experience?

    <p>Being part of the labor force's lower half</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is freedom and autonomy characterized for students based on the passage?

    <p>Restricted from deciding what to learn or explore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary emphasis of education highlighted in the passage regarding students' future roles in society?

    <p>Training students for being part of a larger labor force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the passage suggest students are conditioned to perceive their work environment?

    <p>As a setting where they are told what to do</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is a key reason why children from economically disadvantaged families may struggle in school?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main point made about the difference between restricted and elaborated language codes?

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest as a typical response to educational inequalities?

    <p>Implementing programs to address the learning struggles of individual children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, how does inequality of condition impact achievement motivation?

    <p>It leads to a lack of drive to achieve due to financial and environmental stressors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main critique of compensatory programs mentioned in the passage?

    <p>They fail to consider the impact of the home environment and the school system's cultural assumptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is a key factor that contributes to educational inequality?

    <p>The cultural assumptions and assessment methods of the school system itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Marxist perspective, what is the primary purpose of schooling?

    <p>To indoctrinate students to cooperate with the workforce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between vocational education and higher-level education, according to the passage?

    <p>Vocational education focuses on teaching a single, fixed way of doing things, while higher-level education is more flexible and innovative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the 'hidden curriculum' in schools, according to the conflict theory perspective?

    <p>To reinforce social class divisions and power imbalances in society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is one of the key challenges for schools in addressing educational inequality?

    <p>Compensating for the unequal home environments and conditions of students</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the functionalist and conflict theory perspectives on the role of education in society?

    <p>Functionalists see education as creating an egalitarian society, while conflict theorists see it as reinforcing power imbalances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, how do gender stereotypes become internalized in the educational system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage imply about IQ tests?

    <p>They underestimate the potential of people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main challenge associated with advocating for equality in education for neurodivergent children?

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the pandemic impacted low-income families specifically regarding education?

    <p>Parents had to reduce working hours to support children's education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what does cultural capital refer to?

    <p>The knowledge and resources a person gains through their social location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable effect of lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic on Canadian households?

    <p>Limited food options resulting in food insecurity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the passage view the role of delivery systems in education?

    <p>As insignificant compared to the content of education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what aspect did male anti-intellectualism impact young males according to the text?

    <p>Less interest and achievement in academics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one criticism of the current education system according to the passage?

    <p>It only benefits students from affluent families.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key literacy challenges faced in Canada as highlighted in the text?

    <p>High percentage of functionally illiterate high school graduates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does conflict theory view the content of education?

    <p>It questions who benefits from the current curriculum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the concept of child-centered education impacted literacy skills in Canada?

    <p>It has resulted in a decline in literacy skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant outcome of tuition increases for postsecondary education students?

    <p>Increased debt burdens after completing degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the passage suggest intelligence is measured?

    <p>Through standardized testing only.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about how knowledge is transmitted in education?

    <p>It should be reevaluated based on cultural assumptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the passage suggest about the impact of external factors on ability?

    <p>They profoundly shape ability as influenced by environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does teacher expectation impact student performance, according to the text?

    <p>It can create a self-fulfilling prophecy for students.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do selection procedures in education have limitations, as discussed in the passage?

    <p>Cultural literacy can impact test results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of a lower socioeconomic makeup of a class?

    <p>Students may have limited resources and stressed parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact do negative and unmotivated students have on high performing students?

    <p>They negatively affect the performance of high achievers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a class with engaged students perform better, as per the passage?

    <p>When all students are actively involved in learning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What social development issue did the preschool instructor observe in children after returning to preschool post-lockdown?

    <p>Speech impediments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way did COVID-19 impact children's physical well-being, according to the passage?

    <p>Reduced access to physical activity if they were in violent home situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge did almost 3/5 of Canadian households face during the COVID-19 pandemic?

    <p>Limited means to facilitate online learning environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the pandemic have on low-income families' ability to support their children's education?

    <p>Parents had to reduce working hours to support children educationally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the pandemic exacerbate food insecurity for some families?

    <p>Easier to buy inexpensive processed foods due to pay cuts</p> Signup and view all the answers

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