Polish Language Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the basis of the Polish alphabet?

  • A unique alphabet created for Poland
  • The Latin alphabet with additional letters (correct)
  • The Cyrillic alphabet
  • The Greek alphabet

Which of the following letters is native to Polish?

  • X
  • Ż (correct)
  • Q
  • V

How do you say 'goodbye' in Polish?

  • Przepraszam
  • Cześć
  • Dziękuję
  • Żegnaj (correct)

What is the purpose of demonstrative pronouns in Polish?

<p>To indicate grammatical function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cases are there in Polish?

<p>Seven (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Polish phrase 'Jak masz na imię?' mean?

<p>What is your name? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Polish Alphabet's Base

The Polish alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, with additional letters. These extra letters make Polish unique.

What's unique in Polish?

The letter 'Ż' is unique to the Polish language. It's a consonant.

How to say Goodbye in Polish

The Polish word 'Żegnaj' is used to say 'Goodbye'. It's a polite and common farewell.

What's the job of Demonstrative Pronouns?

Demonstrative pronouns in Polish indicate grammatical function. They help specify which item is being referred to.

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How many cases in Polish?

There are seven grammatical cases in Polish. They show the relationship of a noun to other words in a sentence.

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What does 'Jak masz na imię?' mean?

This Polish phrase means "What is your name?" It's a common way to ask someone their name.

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Study Notes

Alphabet and Pronunciation

  • The Polish alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet with additional letters: ą, ć, ę, ł, ń, ó, ś, ź, ż
  • Letters q, v, and x are not native to Polish, but are used in foreign words
  • Polish pronunciation is generally phonetic, with each letter having a distinct sound

Basic Phrases

  • Hello: Cześć (CHESH-tch)
  • Goodbye: Żegnaj (ZHEG-nay)
  • Thank you: Dziękuję (JEN-koo-yeh)
  • Yes: Tak (TAHK)
  • No: Nie (NYEH)
  • Excuse me: Przepraszam (SHEH-prah-shahm)
  • Sorry: Przepraszam (SHEH-prah-shahm)

Grammar Basics

  • Polish has seven cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative, and vocative
  • Verbs conjugate according to tense, mood, and person
  • Polish has no article, but uses demonstrative pronouns to indicate grammatical function

Introductions and Basic Questions

  • What is your name?: Jak masz na imię? (YAHK MAHSH NAH ee-MYEH)
  • My name is [name]: Nazywam się [name] (NAH-zee-vahm shay [name])
  • Where are you from?: Skąd jesteś? (SKOOND YEH-steh)
  • I am from [place]: Jestem z [place] (YEH-stehm z [place])

Numbers and Counting

  • 1: jeden (YEH-den)
  • 2: dwa (DVAH)
  • 3: trzy (TZREE)
  • 4: cztery (CHTEH-ree)
  • 5: pięć (PYEN-tch)
  • 6: sześć (SHEH-stch)
  • 7: siedem (SHEH-dem)
  • 8: osiem (OH-see-em)
  • 9: dziewięć (JZHEH-vee-entch)
  • 10: dziesięć (JZHEH-see-entch)

Food and Drink

  • Water: woda (VOH-dah)
  • Bread: chleb (KLEHB)
  • Meat: mięso (MYEN-soh)
  • Fruit: owoce (OH-voh-tseh)
  • Coffee: kawa (KAH-vah)
  • Tea: herbata (HER-bah-tah)
  • Beer: piwo (PEE-voh)

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