General Chemistry 2 - First Semester (1st Periodical)
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Questions and Answers

Which intermolecular force is the strongest?

  • Hydrogen bond (correct)
  • Dipole-dipole forces
  • London dispersion forces
  • Ion-dipole forces

    • Which type of bonding involves the sharing of electrons between a nonmetal and nonmetal?

  • Ionic bonding
  • Dipole-dipole forces
  • London dispersion forces
  • Covalent bonding (correct)

    • Which type of molecule has an equal distribution of electrons?

  • Nonpolar molecules (correct)
  • Polar molecules
  • Positively charged molecules
  • Negatively charged molecules

    • Which intermolecular force is a force between polar molecules and ions?

    <p>Ion-dipole forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intermolecular force is named after Johannes van der Waal?

    <p>London dispersion forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force is a force between polar/dipole molecules?

    <p>Dipole-dipole forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intermolecular force is a force between polar molecules and ions?

    <p>Ion-dipole forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force is a force between polar molecules?

    <p>London dispersion forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force involves hydrogen bonding with N, O, and F?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule has an equal distribution of electrons?

    <p>Nonpolar molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force is a force between polar molecules and ions?

    <p>Ion-dipole forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force involves hydrogen bonding with N, O, and F?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force is a force between polar/dipole molecules?

    <p>Dipole-dipole forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force is a force between polar molecules?

    <p>London dispersion forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecule has an equal distribution of electrons?

    <p>Nonpolar molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of intermolecular force?

    <p>Ionic bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules is nonpolar?

    <p>H₂S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intermolecular force is the strongest?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a polar molecule?

    <p>H₂O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intermolecular force involves a force between polar molecules and ions?

    <p>Ion-dipole forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a physical property of liquids?

    <p>Surface tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of determining the melting point of a solid substance?

    <p>To identify the substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is temperature related to melting?

    <p>As temperature increases, the solid substance melts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical property can help distinguish a crystalline from an amorphous solid?

    <p>Regular repeating pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forces bind the structural units in ionic crystals?

    <p>Ionic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a physical property of liquids?

    <p>Surface tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forces bind the structural units in metal crystals?

    <p>Metallic bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical property can help distinguish a crystalline from an amorphous solid?

    <p>Crystalline structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forces bind the structural units in molecular crystals?

    <p>Covalent bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forces bind the structural units in covalent network crystals?

    <p>Covalent bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is NOT a physical property of liquids?

    <p>Incompressibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between temperature and melting?

    <p>Temperature increases as melting occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to determine the melting point of a solid substance?

    <p>To identify the substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical property can help distinguish a crystalline from an amorphous solid?

    <p>Melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forces bind the structural units in metal crystals?

    <p>Metallic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is solubility?

    <p>The maximum quantity of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the phase diagram?

    <p>A diagram that shows the phases that can be present for any given pressure-temperature combination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the triple point?

    <p>The intersection of the liquid-vapor and solid-liquid curves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the critical point?

    <p>The pressure-temperature combination at which a substance exists as a supercritical fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the solution process?

    <p>The process of breaking bonds between molecules and integrating them into the solvent to form a new substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During hot days, fish stay at the deeper cooler part of a body of water. Can you explain this behavior using what you know about the solubility of gas?

    <p>The solubility of gas decreases with increasing temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is a practice in some areas around the country where 'compressors' are used by miners and fishermen to be able to breathe under mine shafts and during deep-sea diving. How would you convince these people that the practice is dangerous?

    <p>Compressors can cause oxygen toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A hot solution of sugar, in which a string is suspended, is left to cool to room temperature. Sugar crystals begin to form on the string as the solution cools. Explain why these crystals are formed.

    <p>The solubility of sugar decreases with decreasing temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a phase diagram show?

    <p>The phase changes of a substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the triple point?

    <p>The point at which a substance can exist in two phases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Intermolecular Forces

    • Hydrogen Bonding is the strongest type of intermolecular force.
    • Covalent Bonding involves the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals.
    • A nonpolar molecule has an equal distribution of electrons.
    • Ion-Dipole Forces are forces between polar molecules and ions.
    • London Dispersion Forces are also known as van der Waals forces.
    • Dipole-Dipole Forces are intermolecular forces between polar molecules.
    • Ion-Dipole Forces are forces between polar molecules and ions.
    • Dipole-Dipole Forces are intermolecular forces between polar molecules.
    • Hydrogen Bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole force involving hydrogen bonded to N, O, or F.
    • A nonpolar molecule has an equal distribution of electrons.
    • Ion-Dipole Forces are forces between polar molecules and ions.
    • Hydrogen Bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole force involving hydrogen bonded to N, O, or F.
    • Dipole-Dipole Forces are intermolecular forces between polar molecules.
    • Dipole-Dipole Forces are intermolecular forces between polar molecules.
    • A nonpolar molecule has an equal distribution of electrons.
    • Ionic Bonding is NOT a type of intermolecular force.
    • CO2 is a nonpolar molecule.
    • Hydrogen Bonding is the strongest type of intermolecular force.
    • H2O is a polar molecule.
    • Ion-Dipole Forces are forces between polar molecules and ions.
    • Viscosity is a physical property of liquids.
    • Determining the melting point allows for identification and purity assessment of a solid.
    • Temperature is directly proportional to melting; as temperature increases, a solid melts.
    • Crystalline solids have highly organised structures, whereas amorphous solids have a random arrangement of particles. This difference can be identified based on their melting point.
    • Ionic Crystals are held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions.
    • Viscosity is a physical property of liquids.
    • Metallic Bonds hold the structural units in metal crystals.
    • Crystalline solids have highly organised structures, whereas amorphous solids have a random arrangement of particles. This difference can be identified based on their melting point.
    • Intermolecular Forces hold the structural units in molecular crystals. These include Van der Waals forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds.
    • Covalent bonds hold the structural units in covalent network crystals.
    • Surface Tension is NOT a physical property of liquids.
    • Temperature is directly proportional to melting; as temperature increases, a solid melts.
    • Determining the melting point allows for identification and purity assessment of a solid.
    • Crystalline solids have highly organised structures, whereas amorphous solids have a random arrangement of particles. This difference can be identified based on their melting point.
    • Metallic Bonds hold the structural units in metal crystals.
    • Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent.
    • A phase diagram shows the relationships between the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a substance at different temperatures and pressures.
    • The triple point represents the temperature and pressure at which all three phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium.
    • The critical point indicates the temperature and pressure above which a substance cannot exist as a liquid, regardless of pressure.
    • The solution process involves the dissolving of a solute into a solvent.
    • The solubility of gases decreases with increasing temperature. This explains why fish stay at the deeper cooler part of a body of water during hot days.
    • Using compressors to breathe underwater increases the pressure, leading to higher nitrogen concentration in the blood, which can cause nitrogen narcosis, a dangerous condition.
    • As the hot sugar solution cools, the solubility of sugar decreases, causing the excess sugar to crystallise out of the solution on the string.
    • A phase diagram shows the phases of a substance at different temperatures and pressures.
    • The triple point is the temperature and pressure at which all three phases of a substance (solid, liquid, and gas) coexist in equilibrium.

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    Test your knowledge on polar molecules and their properties with this quiz. Learn about examples of polar molecules and understand how electron distribution affects their polarity.

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