Pneumothorax and Hemothorax

<p>Older age with decreased lung elasticity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rupture of a small bleb on the lung (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyanosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperresonance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PaO2 less than 80 mm Hg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air accumulation in subcutaneous tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypotension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To confirm the presence of air or fluid in the pleural space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administering sedative medications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Remain still without moving, coughing, or deep breathing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sensation of pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assisting the patient to lean over a bedside table (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Position the client to maximize ventilation in high-Fowler’s position. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitor vital signs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To address psychological well-being during treatment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encourage prompt medical attention. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Document ventilator settings every 4 hours. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mu and kappa receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiratory rate of 12/min or less (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitor for pain relief after several hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitor for symptoms of fluid retention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The safety lockout mechanism prevents overdose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitor respiratory status and vital signs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drowsiness and amnesic effects may occur. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiratory services. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To drain fluid, blood, or air from the pleural space. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continuously monitor vital signs and drainage system function. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use proper hand hygiene to prevent infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deep breathe to promote lung expansion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunizations for influenza and pneumonia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Talking with family or support people to express feelings about the condition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitoring chest tube placement and drainage function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engage in deep breathing and use of incentive spirometry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progressive difficulty breathing or sharp chest pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immediately remove the chest tube when drainage stops (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administer IV fluids and blood products as prescribed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prepare for mechanical ventilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chest tube drainage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoxemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyanosis of the lips and fingertips (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encouraging deep breathing exercises (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tachycardia and hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The affected rib segment moves inward during inhalation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using patient-controlled analgesia or an epidural block (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Air or gas in the pleural space, causing lung collapse.

Air trapped in the pleural space, preventing its escape, putting pressure on heart and lungs.

Blood in the pleural space.

Pneumothorax without trauma, often due to bleb rupture.

Multiple fractured ribs causing paradoxical chest movement.

Chest pain that worsens with breathing, usually sharp and localized.

Difficulty breathing, characterized by rapid breathing, increased heart rate, low oxygen levels, and blue skin.

The trachea shifts to the unaffected side in a tension pneumothorax.

Diminished or absent breathing sounds on the affected side, indicating lung collapse or fluid buildup.

Low oxygen levels in the blood.

A medical imaging test used to visualize the lungs and chest cavity, revealing signs of conditions like pneumothorax or hemothorax.

A procedure where a needle is inserted into the pleural space to remove fluid for analysis or to relieve pressure.

Thoracentesis is used to confirm the presence of hemothorax and to remove excess fluid from the pleural space.

Ensure informed consent, position the client, monitor vital signs, and assist with specimen transport.

Clients need to remain still during the procedure, understand discomfort from the anesthetic, and expect some pressure when the needle is inserted.

A sitting position with the head of the bed elevated to 90 degrees, used to optimize lung expansion and ventilation.

Providing supplemental oxygen to a patient who is not getting enough oxygen from the air they breathe.

Measurements that indicate a patient's basic bodily functions, including temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure.

A medical device that assists or takes over breathing for a patient who cannot breathe adequately on their own.

Providing comfort, understanding, and reassurance to a patient and their family during a challenging time.

Pain medications that activate mu and kappa receptors to reduce pain. They also cause respiratory depression, euphoria, sedation, and decreased gastrointestinal motility.

Common opioid agonists used for moderate to severe pain. They act on the mu and kappa receptors to provide analgesia.

A serious side effect of opioid agonists, characterized by slow and shallow breathing, due to the suppression of the respiratory centers in the brain.

A device allowing patients to self-administer pain medication as needed, with safety features to prevent overdosing.

Encourage increased fluid intake to prevent constipation, a common side effect. Ask about any fluid restrictions due to other conditions.

Benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam or midazolam, can be used to reduce anxiety in patients. They have amnesiac effects and can cause drowsiness.

When a patient is given a benzodiazepine, it's crucial to monitor their vital signs, especially blood pressure and breathing, as these medications can lead to low blood pressure and breathing problems.

Chest tubes are inserted into the area around the lungs to remove fluid, blood, or air, restore pressure, and help the lungs expand.

Nurses play a vital role in chest tube insertion and management by obtaining consent, monitoring the patient's vital signs and chest tube drainage, and reporting any abnormalities.

When a patient has extended weakness or needs help with increased activity, consulting rehabilitation services can help them regain strength and mobility.

Taking deep breaths to expand your lungs and improve breathing after a pneumothorax or hemothorax.

Taking breaks throughout the day to rest your body and allow your lungs to heal.

Washing your hands frequently to prevent infections, especially after a pneumothorax or hemothorax.

Using a device to take deep breaths and help your lungs expand after surgery or a lung injury.

Staying connected with your doctor after a pneumothorax or hemothorax to monitor your recovery and report any problems.

A chest tube is inserted to remove fluid, blood, or air from the space around the lung (pleural space), allowing the lung to expand and restore normal pressure.

The recovery process can take time. Rest periods are essential, and it's important to follow the doctor's instructions.

Signs like fever, cough, difficulty breathing, and sharp chest pain could indicate complications that need medical attention.

The heart pumps less blood due to increased pressure in the chest cavity.

Low blood pressure caused by decreased cardiac output.

Inability to breathe properly due to lung collapse.

Giving fluids through a vein to increase blood volume and improve circulation.

Checking for abnormalities in the heart's electrical activity.

A serious condition where multiple ribs are fractured, causing a section of the chest wall to move in the opposite direction of normal breathing.

Unequal chest expansion, paradoxical chest wall movement (inward during inhalation, outward during exhalation), and rapid breathing.

Because the flailed section cannot participate in normal breathing, the lung below it collapses on inhalation, leading to decreased oxygen uptake.

Stabilize the chest and provide adequate oxygenation, usually through mechanical ventilation.

To manage pain and improve comfort, allowing them to breathe deeply and participate in recovery.