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Questions and Answers
What is the most optimal investigation for diagnosing pneumonia?
What is the typical local percussion sound characteristic of pneumonia?
Which antibiotics are commonly used as 'first-line' therapy for community-acquired pneumonia?
What is the definition of nosocomial pneumonia?
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What is the main long-term treatment for moderate asthma?
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What is the likely diagnosis for a 33-year-old woman with nighttime coughs and wheezing?
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What is the main goal of COPD treatment?
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What is the most common causative agent of hospital acquired pneumonia?
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Cor pulmonale is associated with?
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Which of the following is most effective for the treatment of chronic cor pulmonale?
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Which additional method of examination is most reliable for establishing the diagnosis of pneumonia?
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What is the most effective method of slowing the progression of COPD?
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Study Notes
Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment
- Optimal investigation for pneumonia diagnosis is a Chest X-ray.
- Sputum test is not the most optimal investigation for pneumonia diagnosis.
Characteristics of Pneumonia
- Local percussion sound characteristics typical for pneumonia are dull pulmonary sound.
- Tympanic sound, Mosaic sound, and Hyperresonance on percussion are not typical for pneumonia.
Antimicrobial Therapy for Pneumonia
- First-line antimicrobial drugs for empirical therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia are Penicillin, azithromycin.
- Ceftriaxone, cefuroximum, Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, Lincomycin, and levomycetin are not the first-line drugs.
Nosocomial Pneumonia
- Nosocomial pneumonia is defined as pneumonia that develops in a patient hospitalized for ≥ 48 hours.
- Pneumonia in previously hospitalized patients, elderly and frail patients, and patients 5-7 days after discharge from hospital are not the definitions of nosocomial pneumonia.
Asthma Treatment
- Main long-term treatment for moderate asthma is Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).
- A long-acting beta2 -agonist bronchodilators (LABA), Xanthine derivatives (theophylline), A short-acting beta2 -agonist bronchodilators (SABA), and Oral corticosteroids are not the main long-term treatment for moderate asthma.
Clinical Onset of Asthma
- Nighttime coughs and wheezing are a typical clinical onset of Asthma.
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), COPD, TB (tuberculosis), and Emphysema are not typical clinical onsets of asthma.
COPD Treatment
- Main goal of COPD treatment is to slow down progression of bronchitis.
- Full recovery and rehabilitation of the patient, reverse development of pulmonary emphysema, elimination of bacterial excretion with sputum, and preparation of the patient for surgical treatment of bronchitis are not the main goals of COPD treatment.
Causative Agent of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
- The most common causative agent of hospital-acquired pneumonia is Klebsiella.
- Chlamydia, pneumococcus, mycoplasma, and herpes simplex virus are not the most common causative agents.
Cor Pulmonale
- Cor pulmonale is associated with hypertrophy and dilation of the right heart chambers.
- Left atrial dilation and right ventricular hypertrophy, hypertrophy of the left and right ventricles, right ventricular dilation and left atrial hypertrophy, and thickening of the interventricular septum and right atrium are not associated with cor pulmonale.
Treatment of Chronic Cor Pulmonale
- Oxygen therapy is the most effective for the treatment of chronic cor pulmonale.
- Anticoagulants, bronchodilators, antibiotics, and glucocorticoids are not the most effective treatments.
Diagnosis of Pneumonia
- Radiological examination is the most reliable for establishing the diagnosis of pneumonia.
- Complete blood analysis, spirometry, general sputum analysis, and bronchoscopy are not the most reliable methods.
Chronic Obstructive Bronchitis
- Spirometry is used to determine the severity of chronic obstructive bronchitis.
- Comparative percussion of lungs, X-ray examination, lung auscultation, and bronchography are not used to determine the severity.
Percussion Sound in Pneumonia
- Dullness of percussion sound is typical for pneumonia.
- Clear lung sound, tympanic sound, box percussion sound, and mosaic sound are not typical for pneumonia.
Slowing the Progression of COPD
- Smoking cessation is the most effective method of slowing the progression of COPD.
- Spa treatment, mode of work and rest, prophylactic antibiotic treatment, and long-acting bronchodilators are not the most effective methods.
Empiric Therapy for Pneumonia
- The drugs of choice for empiric therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia are Amoxicillin, azithromycin.
- Lincomycin and chloramphenicol, ceftriaxane, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and streptomycin and gentamicin are not the drugs of choice.
Classification of Pneumonia
- The classification of pneumonia includes community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, in immunocompromised patients, and aspirational pneumonia.
- Congenital, acquired, acute, protracted, chronic, allergic, gasoline, post-traumatic, recurrent, and non-recurrent are not classifications of pneumonia.
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Description
Assess your knowledge on pneumonia diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment options. This quiz covers topics such as diagnostic tests, symptoms, and antimicrobial therapies.
