Pneumonia Classifications and Characteristics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of atelectasis is associated with accumulation of fluid, blood, or air within the pleural cavity?

Acquired Atelectasis

Contraction Atelectasis

Compression Atelectasis (correct)

Resorption Atelectasis

What is the most common cause of atelectasis?

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity

Obstruction by mucus plug in bronchus (correct)

Destruction of alveolar walls

Fibrotic changes in lung or pleura

What is the main characteristic of emphysema?

Irreversible enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles (correct)

Fibrotic changes in lung or pleura

Obstruction by mucus plug in bronchus

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity

What is the role of leukotriene B4, TNF, and IL‐8 in emphysema?

Epithelium and macrophages release these to recruit neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the imbalance of protease‐antiprotease and oxidative cytotoxic cells in emphysema?

Destruction of connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What causes contraction atelectasis?

Local or generalized fibrotic changes in lung or pleura Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of pneumonia in domestic animals?

Bronchopneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes fibrinous bronchopneumonia in animals?

Fibrinous coating within 24-48 hours Signup and view all the answers

What causes cranioventral pneumonia in animals?

Gravity effect during breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of atypical pneumonia in animals?

Mild appearance in X-rays but severe symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes interstitial pneumonia in animals?

Inflammation localized to the alveolar walls Signup and view all the answers

What can result from interstitial pneumonia in animals?

Edematous lungs with thickened interstitial Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is primarily responsible for protease production in the extracellular matrix?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is significantly associated with emphysema?

Heavy alcohol consumption Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the pathogenesis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?

Acute injury to the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of macrophages in ARDS?

Secreting inflammatory mediators and recruiting neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the histopathology of ARDS?

Exudative and organizing stages with distinct features Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Limitation of airflow and loss of elastic recoil Signup and view all the answers

Which type of asthma is associated with allergen sensitization and immune activation?

Atopic asthma Signup and view all the answers

What are the triggers for non-atopic asthma?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which cells and their mediators promote inflammation in atopic asthma?

Th2 cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of the acute phase of atopic asthma?

Bronchoconstriction, increased mucus production, and vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of bronchopneumonia?

Patchy consolidation in more than one lung lobe Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the late phase of atopic asthma?

Inflammatory cell infiltration, particularly eosinophils and T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of embolic pneumonia?

Multifocal lesions randomly distributed in the lobes of the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a septic emboli source for embolic pneumonia?

Hepatic abscesses Signup and view all the answers

What is required for bacteria or fungi to cause embolic pneumonia?

Circulating bacteria or fungi to attach to pulmonary endothelium and evade phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of granulomatous pneumonia?

Activation of alveolar and interstitial macrophages, lymphocytes, and giant cells Signup and view all the answers

What are common causes of granulomatous pneumonia?

Systemic fungal diseases and bacteria, particularly mycobacteria Signup and view all the answers

What caused granulomatous pneumonia in a foal in the given text?

Rhodococcus equi Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pneumonia Classifications and Characteristics

Embolic pneumonia is centered on blood vessels and results from hematogenously delivered injurious agents to the lung
Embolic pneumonia is characterized by multifocal lesions randomly distributed in the lobes of the lungs
Septic emboli sources include hepatic abscesses, omphalophlebitis, chronic bacterial or fungal infections, and contaminated catheters
Embolic pneumonia can be caused by bacteria such as Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, as well as fungi including Aspergillus
It requires circulating bacteria or fungi to attach to pulmonary endothelium and evade phagocytosis
A 6-week-old puppy had embolic pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Embolic pneumonia in a cow was caused by septic emboli originating from vegetative endocarditis involving the tricuspid valve
Granulomatous pneumonia refers to pneumonia with a granulomatous inflammatory response
Granulomatous pneumonia is characterized by activation of alveolar and interstitial macrophages, lymphocytes, and giant cells
Common causes of granulomatous pneumonia include systemic fungal diseases and bacteria, particularly mycobacteria
Systemic fungal diseases such as cryptococcosis, coccidioidomycosis, and histoplasmosis are common causes of granulomatous pneumonia
A foal had granulomatous pneumonia with cranioventral consolidation of the lungs and subpleural granulomas, caused by Rhodococcus equi

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Description

Test your knowledge of pneumonia classifications and characteristics with this quiz! Explore topics such as embolic pneumonia, septic emboli sources, and granulomatous pneumonia, and learn about their causes and characteristics. Ideal for veterinary students and professionals.