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Questions and Answers
What role does the Holy Spirit play in the process of sanctification for believers?
What role does the Holy Spirit play in the process of sanctification for believers?
- Empowers believers to perform miracles
- Acts only during the Old Testament period
- Provides believers with personal wealth
- Guides believers to holiness (correct)
Which model of salvation emphasizes the personal faith and acceptance of Jesus Christ?
Which model of salvation emphasizes the personal faith and acceptance of Jesus Christ?
- Covenantal
- Christus Victor
- Subjective (correct)
- Substitution
Which of the following describes the Apostolic mark of the Church?
Which of the following describes the Apostolic mark of the Church?
- It emphasizes the universal nature of the Church
- It is founded on the teachings of the Apostles (correct)
- It is set apart for God's purpose
- It focuses solely on individual believers' experiences
Which heresy claims that Jesus was merely adopted as the Son of God?
Which heresy claims that Jesus was merely adopted as the Son of God?
What is a characteristic of the 'Catholic' mark of the Church?
What is a characteristic of the 'Catholic' mark of the Church?
Flashcards
Arianism
Arianism
A belief system that denies the full divinity of Jesus Christ, claiming he was created by God.
Modalistic Monarchianism (Modalism)
Modalistic Monarchianism (Modalism)
The belief that God manifests himself in different forms or 'modes,' like Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, rather than distinct persons.
Dynamic Monarchianism (Adoptionism)
Dynamic Monarchianism (Adoptionism)
The belief that Jesus was a normal human who was 'adopted' as God's Son during his life and ministry.
Sanctification
Sanctification
The belief that the Holy Spirit empowers Christians to live holy lives and fulfill God's purpose.
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One (Unity)
One (Unity)
One of the 'marks' of the Church, signifying its unity in faith, doctrine, and purpose, reflecting the unity of God and his Spirit.
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Pneumatology (Study of the Holy Spirit)
- The Holy Spirit is part of the Trinity, co-equal with the Father and Son.
- The Holy Spirit carries out God's work.
- Creation: Hovered over the waters (Genesis 1:2).
- Redemption: Present at Jesus' baptism; empowers the Church.
- Sanctification: Guides believers to holiness.
Models of Salvation
- Subjective: Personal faith and acceptance of Christ.
- Substitution: Christ's sacrifice satisfies divine justice.
- Christus Victor: Christ's death and resurrection defeat sin, death, and the devil.
Four Marks of the Church
- One: One body, one God, one Spirit, one baptism, one faith.
- Holy: Set apart for God's purpose and mission; holiness comes from God and is expressed through teachings and sacraments.
- Catholic: Universal; Christ is present everywhere; consistent doctrines and sacraments; mission for all people.
- Apostolic: Founded on the teachings of the Apostles; continues their mission through apostolic succession.
Heresies
- Arianism: Denied Jesus' divinity, claiming he was created.
- Dynamic Monarchianism (Adoptionism): Claimed Jesus was adopted as God's Son.
- Marcionism: Rejected the Old Testament and the God of Israel; accepted only Luke's Gospel.
- Modalistic Monarchianism (Modalism): Believed God appears in different forms.
- Nestorianism: Denied Mary as the Mother of God, separating Jesus' divine and human natures.
- Gnosticism: Claimed secret knowledge leads to salvation, viewing material creation as evil.
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