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Questions and Answers

What are the two main components necessary to transform an edentulous mouth into final dentures?

Record bases and wax occlusal rims

What are the main functions of occlusal rims? (Select all that apply)

  • Determine preliminary maxillomandibular relations (correct)
  • Provide esthetic guidelines (correct)
  • Establish the neutral zone (correct)
  • Record the facebow (if the patient has teeth) (correct)
  • Establish the arch form for both jawbones (correct)
  • Determine the occlusal vertical dimension (correct)
  • Define the level of the occlusal plane (correct)

    • The neutral zone represents the position where the musculature and teeth/dentures are in a stable and harmonious position.

    True

    What is the purpose of the wax occlusion rims in the process of constructing dentures?

    <p>They help to orient the two models and provide information on the placement of the teeth for the patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the shape of the mandibular occlusal rim?

    <p>The position of the teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When designing the mandibular arch form, the anterior area should compensate for the action of the mentalis muscle.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the canine and premolars be positioned on the mandibular occlusal rim?

    <p>At the level of the modiolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the optimal tooth position is crucial in the maxillary arch?

    <p>It is essential for speech and esthetic purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the canines positioned in relation to the incisive papilla?

    <p>Their tips are approximately 1 mm anterior to the center of the incisive papilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended adjustment to the maxillary rim when pronouncing the sound "F"?

    <p>The lower lip should gently touch the upper rim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The maxillary wax occlusal rim serves as an analogue for the teeth, allowing the dentist to obtain jaw relationship records and determine facial support.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Part of the evaluation of upper and lower wax occlusion rims includes determining whether the chin-nose distance is acceptable.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three components of the vertical dimension of occlusion?

    <p>Physiological rest position, vertical dimension of occlusion, and interocclusal distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation "ID" stand for in relation to the vertical dimension of occlusion?

    <p>Interocclusal distance or freeway space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the buccinator muscle in relation to the occlusal table?

    <p>To provide buccal support for the occlusal table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The level of the occlusal plane can be determined by marking the corner of the mouth on the mandibular occlusal rim.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Swallowing is a completely accurate method for determining the vertical dimension of occlusion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The parallelism of the ridges is always irrelevant when considering tooth loss.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of "S" sound production in relation to the occlusal rims?

    <p>The edges of the rims should nearly touch but not contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Centric relation is determined by the teeth, not the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms describes the movement of the mandible from the terminal hinge position to the initial point of contact during teeth closure? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of interocclusal records used in establishing the horizontal relation?

    <p>Static, graphic, and functional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The static method utilizes wax beads to record the jaw relationship.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is uncommon for preliminary centric relation records to be inaccurate.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Centric occlusion refers to the occlusion of opposing teeth when the condyles are in their most superior position, independent of tooth contact.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define "maximal intercuspal position".

    <p>It is the complete intercuspation of opposing teeth, regardless of the condylar position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Complete denture occlusion involves either maximum intercuspation coinciding with centric relation OR a range of contact around centric relation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the two most commonly used materials to record centric relation.

    <p>Aluwax and polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) materials like blue mousse, Stat B-R.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Denture Construction: The Fundamentals

    • Two main components to transform an edentulous mouth into final dentures:
      • Impression - To capture the shape and size of the mouth
      • Occlusal Rim - To establish the vertical and horizontal dimensions of occlusion

    Occlusal Rims: Purpose & Function

    • Occlusal Rims are crucial in denture construction for determining the:
      • Vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) - The distance between the upper and lower jaws when the teeth are in contact
      • Horizontal relationship of the jaws - The alignment of the jaws in relation to each other

    Mandibular Occlusal Rim: Shape and Positioning

    • Neutral zone: The location where the muscles and dentures are stable and harmoniously balanced.
    • Wax occlusion rims: Act as a guide for positioning the final dentures.
    • Mandibular occlusal rim shape is primarily dictated by the retromolar pads
      • Retromolar pads are soft tissue ridges located behind the last tooth position in the lower jaw.

    Designing the Mandibular Arch

    • Anterior area of the mandibular occlusal rim should compensate for the action of the mentalis muscle, a small muscle that raises the chin.
    • Canines and premolars should be positioned in the lingual sulcus of the mandibular occlusal rim.
      • The lingual sulcus is the groove on the inner surface of the lower arch, which aligns with the lingual surfaces of the teeth.

    Maxillary Arch: Optimal Tooth Position

    • Optimal tooth position is crucial in the maxillary arch because it:
      • Aids with proper function - Efficient chewing and speech
      • Enhances esthetics - A pleasing appearance

    Canines: Position and Relation to Incisive Papilla

    • Canines: Positioned in the mesio-incisal region of the incisive papilla
      • Incisive papilla is a small, soft tissue bump located right behind the maxillary incisors.

    "F" Sound: Maxillary Rim Adjustment

    • When pronouncing "F" sound, the maxillary rim should be trimmed appropriately so that the teeth (or their model) are slightly anterior to the incisive papilla.

    Occlusal Rim Evaluation: Chin-Nose Distance

    • Evaluating the chin-nose distance is a crucial step in assessing the vertical dimension of occlusion.
      • The ideal chin-nose distance should be in the normal range for the patient's facial features.

    Vertical Dimension of Occlusion: Components and Terminology

    • Vertical Dimension of Occlusion (VDO): Composed of three key components:
      • Resting vertical dimension (RVD): The distance between the upper and lower jaws when the teeth are not in contact.
      • Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD): The distance between the upper and lower jaws when the teeth are in contact, biting down.
      • Interocclusal distance (ID): The difference between RVD and OVD.

    Buccinator Muscle: Function and Occlusal Table

    • Buccinator muscle: This muscle assists in keeping food on the occlusal table.
      • The occlusal table is the chewing surface of the teeth.

    Occlusal Plane and Swallowing

    • Occlusal plane: Can be assessed by marking the corner of the mouth on the mandibular occlusal rim.
    • Swallowing: Not an accurate method for determining the vertical dimension of occlusion, as it can be influenced by various factors.

    Tooth Loss and Parallelism of Ridges

    • Tooth loss: Can significantly impact the parallelism of the ridges, meaning they might not align perfectly anymore. This MUST be considered during denture construction to ensure proper fit and function.

    "S" Sound Production: Occlusal Rim Characteristic

    • "S" sound production: The maxillary occlusal rim should be positioned so that it is slightly anterior to the incisive papilla when producing the "S" sound.

    Centric Relation: Teeth vs. TMJ

    • Centric relation is determined by the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), NOT by the teeth.

    Mandibular Movement: Terms and Definitions

    • Terminal hinge position: The most posterior position the mandible can reach, where there's no movement forward or backward.
    • Initial point of contact: The first spot where the upper and lower teeth touch on the closing movement.

    Interocclusal Records: Types and Function

    • Interocclusal records record the relationship between the upper and lower jaws when the teeth are in contact. There are three main types:
      • Centric relation record: Used to position the condyles of the TMJ in their most superior position, regardless of tooth contact.
      • Protrusive record: Used to record the relationship between the jaws when the mandible is moved forward.
      • Lateral record: Used to record the relationship between the jaws when the mandible is moved to either side.

    Centric Occlusion: Definition and Relationship to Intercuspation

    • Centric occlusion: The occlusion of opposing teeth when the condyles are in their most superior position, independent of tooth contact.
    • Maximal intercuspal position (MIP): Occurs when the teeth are in their closest possible biting position, with maximum contact.

    Complete Denture Occlusion: Centric Relation and MIP

    • Complete denture occlusion: Can be established in two ways:
      • Maximum intercuspation coinciding with centric relation. This is the ideal scenario.
      • A range of contact around centric relation. This may occur if the initial centric relation record was not completely accurate.

    Materials for Recording Centric Relation

    • Two commonly used materials:
      • Baseplate wax
      • Zinc oxide eugenol - Also known as "ZOE"

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