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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a water closet?
What is the primary function of a water closet?
Which material is commonly used for gravity sewer collection?
Which material is commonly used for gravity sewer collection?
What describes a lavatory?
What describes a lavatory?
What is the main purpose of a shower?
What is the main purpose of a shower?
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Which type of pipe is usually made from a bituminized pressed wood pulp fiber?
Which type of pipe is usually made from a bituminized pressed wood pulp fiber?
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Which material is described as the lightest piping material?
Which material is described as the lightest piping material?
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What device is used in toilets for flushing by discharging a predetermined quantity of water?
What device is used in toilets for flushing by discharging a predetermined quantity of water?
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What is the primary function of valves in pipelines?
What is the primary function of valves in pipelines?
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Pipe hangers and supports are designed to do what?
Pipe hangers and supports are designed to do what?
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Which fitting is most commonly used for changing the direction of flow in a piping system?
Which fitting is most commonly used for changing the direction of flow in a piping system?
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Which material is known for being the best to use in piping systems?
Which material is known for being the best to use in piping systems?
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What is the primary purpose of a check valve in piping systems?
What is the primary purpose of a check valve in piping systems?
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Which of the following is a key feature of PVC as a piping material?
Which of the following is a key feature of PVC as a piping material?
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What does galvanizing a pipe do?
What does galvanizing a pipe do?
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What is typically the role of a food waste grinder?
What is typically the role of a food waste grinder?
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What distinguishes brass as a piping material?
What distinguishes brass as a piping material?
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What is the function of an eyewash station?
What is the function of an eyewash station?
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What is a common application of CPVC piping?
What is a common application of CPVC piping?
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What is a primary function of a drinking fountain?
What is a primary function of a drinking fountain?
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Which plumbing accessory is specifically designed for holding soap?
Which plumbing accessory is specifically designed for holding soap?
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What material is prohibited due to health risks?
What material is prohibited due to health risks?
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Which type of pipe is considered better for resistance to acid compared to steel pipe?
Which type of pipe is considered better for resistance to acid compared to steel pipe?
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Which of the following is not listed as a plumbing accessory?
Which of the following is not listed as a plumbing accessory?
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What is a common feature of a sitz bath?
What is a common feature of a sitz bath?
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What is the purpose of cast iron tubs in plumbing?
What is the purpose of cast iron tubs in plumbing?
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Why might a drinking fountain be unsuitable for buildings taller than 25 stories?
Why might a drinking fountain be unsuitable for buildings taller than 25 stories?
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What is the primary function of a gate valve?
What is the primary function of a gate valve?
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Which valve is recommended for frequent operation and throttling?
Which valve is recommended for frequent operation and throttling?
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What type of valve is typically found at a toilet or bidet?
What type of valve is typically found at a toilet or bidet?
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What is the main purpose of a coupling in plumbing systems?
What is the main purpose of a coupling in plumbing systems?
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Which fitting allows for a change in pipe size?
Which fitting allows for a change in pipe size?
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What is the purpose of a cleanout in drainage lines?
What is the purpose of a cleanout in drainage lines?
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What distinguishes a ball valve from other types of valves?
What distinguishes a ball valve from other types of valves?
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Which fitting is used to connect two pipelines in different planes?
Which fitting is used to connect two pipelines in different planes?
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Which valve type is designed to control the flow of liquid with a circular disk?
Which valve type is designed to control the flow of liquid with a circular disk?
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What does the term NPS stand for in pipe diameter terminology?
What does the term NPS stand for in pipe diameter terminology?
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What is the main purpose of a bushing in plumbing?
What is the main purpose of a bushing in plumbing?
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Which material is often used for soldering in pipe connections?
Which material is often used for soldering in pipe connections?
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What is the function of a flange in pipe fittings?
What is the function of a flange in pipe fittings?
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Study Notes
Plumbing Fixtures
- Plumbing fixtures are designed to attach to pipes for access and drainage of water/waste water.
- Water closet receptacles receive human excrement and discharge it through a waste pipe
- Lavatories are designed for washing hands and face.
- Sinks are designed for washing objects.
- Shower baths are apparatuses for spraying water on the body.
- Bidets are designed to wash the middle part of the body, especially genitals.
- Tubs are designed to bathe in.
- Drinking fountains consist of a shallow basin with a water jet and are designed to provide potable water.
- Plumbing accessories include soap holders, paper holders, toothbrush and tumbler holders, tower holders/bar holders, and seat covers.
- Dishwashing machines are used to clean dishes.
- Emergency shower/eye wash stations provide first aid materials to prevent further damage.
- Food waste grinders grind food wastes to prevent clogs.
Piping
- Piping conducts or transfers fluids (liquids and gases) from one place to another.
- The outside diameter (OD) of a tube is determined by the tube size.
- Nominal pipe size (NPS) in piping corresponds to the standard wall thickness.
- Internal diameter (ID) - is the nominal pipe size used for standard wall thickness.
Piping Materials
- Earth/Concrete: used for canals
- Reinforced Concrete Pipes (RCP): usually used for canals
- Vitrified Clay Pipes (VCP): commonly used in gravity sewer collection systems
- Bituminous Fiber Pipe (BFP): usually used for natural resources
- Asbestos: prohibited for use because it is known to be harmful
-
Metal: cast iron, galvanized steel, lead, copper, brass
- Cast Iron: used for wastewater in sewers, drains, stacks, and vents in a waste system
- Galvanized Steel: better than regular steel pipe due to increased resistance to acid, coated in zinc to protect against corrosion.
- Lead Pipe: oldest piping material
- Copper Pipe: best material for use, comes in 3 types: K (heaviest, suitable for underground), L (lighter, suitable for residential), and M (thinnest, lightest)
- Brass: yellow alloy of copper and zinc
-
Plastic: commonly used for clean water, durable, lightweight, flexible. Requires less energy for fabrication, transport, and installation.
- PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride): Most commonly used and found in machinery industries such as aerospace and automotive
- PPR (Polypropylene): lightest piping materials, resistant to chemicals
Piping Valves
- Valves are incorporated into pipelines to control flow into, through, and from them.
- They have a variety of functions including: control, closure at over-speed flow, over pressure protection, backflow prevention, and on/off service.
- Gate Valves: utilize a movable gate or door to allow or prevent flow.
- Globe Valves: compression-type valve that controls the flow of liquid by means of a circular disk.
- Angle Valves: commonly used in toilets for bidets.
- Ball Valves: features a large sphere with a central hole that is equal to the internal diameter of the pipe.
- Butterfly Valves: used for stabilizing high-pressure water, isolating or regulating flow.
-
Check Valves: prevent the flow of liquid or gas in a reverse direction.
- Swing/lift check valves: used in pipelines where the pressure and velocity of flow are low.
- Float Valves: used in toilets for flushing.
- Flushometer: devices that discharge predetermined quantities of water to fixtures for flushing.
Piping Fittings
- Fittings are pipe attachments placed at the end of a pipe that provide flexibility in piping systems and are commonly used to change the direction of flow, distribution, increase or decrease flow capacity, and interconnection.
- Elbow/ell: change the direction of the pipeline.
- Offset: carries soil or waste line past an obstruction in a building.
- Tee: the most common pipe fitting used when a pipe run branches at a 90-degree angle.
- Wye: fitting in which the side inlet pipe enters at a 45-degree angle.
- Coupling: used to connect two lengths of a pipe.
- Cleanout: removable, threaded, placed in drainage lines for cleaning or removing stoppages.
- Bushing: reduce a fitting outlet or connect a pipe to a larger outlet.
- Reducer: allows for a change in pipe size
- Caps and Plugs: used to seal off openings in fittings or pipe ends.
- Flange: used for steel pipes, a disc, collar, or ring that attaches to the pipe.
- Nipple (male): used to make an extension from a fitting or to join two fittings.
Pipe Engagement
- The distance the pipe goes into a fitting is determined by the nominal size diameter of the pipe
Pipe Connections
- Threading and Compression: Steel and Copper
- Solder: Copper
- Solvent Cement: Plastic
- Oakum and Lead: Cast Iron
Pipe Distance Measurements
- FF: Face to Face
- CC: Center to Center
- **EE: ** End to End
- Offset:
- OC: On Center
- BOT: From Bottom of
- TOP: From Top of
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Description
This quiz covers essential information on plumbing fixtures and piping systems. Explore the various types of fixtures designed for sanitation and fluid transfer, including toilets, sinks, and emergency equipment. Test your knowledge on their functionality and importance in plumbing.
