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Questions and Answers
What is the primary definition of back siphonage?
Which term describes a closure for the end of a pipe?
What distinguishes a branch vent from a continuous vent?
What defines a combination waste and vent system?
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What does a branch interval refer to?
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What type of connection does a cross connection represent?
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Which fixture is synonymous with a faucet?
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What does calking involve?
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What is the function of a dead end in plumbing systems?
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Which statement correctly describes developed length?
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What does the term 'fixture unit flow rate' refer to?
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What is the purpose of a flushometer valve?
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What does 'effective opening' refer to in plumbing?
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Which component is responsible for maintaining the water level inside a tank?
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How is the diameter of a pipe generally defined, except for brass and copper tubes?
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What is a group vent in plumbing systems?
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What is the primary purpose of a vent stack in a drainage system?
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What is the definition of a Horizontal Pipe?
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What is the primary function of plumbing?
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Which statement accurately describes a vent system?
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Which of the following best describes a waste pipe?
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What does the water supply system in a building include?
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Which statement accurately describes a Main Sewer?
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What does the term 'Riser' refer to in plumbing?
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What is the primary function of a Relief Vent?
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What is the function of a wet vent?
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What does the term 'Looped Vent' mean?
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What is included in a Plumbing System?
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What does Rough-In refer to in plumbing?
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What is a Local Vent Pipe?
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What does the term
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Which ancient Roman word is the origin of the term 'Plumber'?
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What does the acronym DWV represent in drainage installation?
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What does an air gap in a water supply system refer to?
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What is the definition of 'back flow' in plumbing?
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Study Notes
Plumbing Definition
- Plumbing is the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatus to convey and supply water in buildings.
- It also handles disposal and discharge of wastewater, gases, and substances outside buildings, ensuring health and sanitation.
Plumber
- A plumber is skilled in sanitation, derived from the Roman word "Plumbarius."
- "Plumbarius" referred to individuals working in the sanitary field in ancient Rome.
- "Plumbum" refers to lead, a metal used in Roman plumbing due to its malleability and resistance to acid.
Drainage System
- Waste is classified into Solid Waste (from water closets) and Liquid Waste (from fixtures).
- Two types of drainage pipes are Soil Pipes (for water closet waste) and Waste Pipes (for waste from other fixtures).
- Soil Pipes can accept both water closet and fixture waste.
- The Drainage Installation (DWV) stands for:
- D - Drainage of solid waste
- W - Waste from fixtures
- V - Ventilation of the piping system
Plumbing Terms
- Air Gap: An unobstructed vertical distance between a water supply source and a receptacle, preventing backflow.
- Backflow: The flow of water or substances from an unintended source into a potable water supply.
- Back Siphonage: The backflow of contaminated water from a fixture into a water supply pipe due to negative pressure.
- Battery of Fixture: A group of two or more similar fixtures discharging into a common horizontal waste pipe.
- Bib: Synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, plug, etc.
- Blind Flange: A flange closing a pipe end without an opening for water passage.
- Blow Off: A controlled outlet for water discharge from a pipeline.
- Branch: Any part of the piping system other than the main riser.
- Branch Interval: The length of a soil or waste stack between floor connections.
- Branch Vent: A vent connecting individual vents to a vent stack.
- Calking: Plugging an opening with materials like oakum or lead.
- Circuit Vent: A branch vent serving two or more traps, extending from the last fixture connection to the vent stack.
- Continuous Vent: A vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which it connects.
- Combination Fixture: A fixture combining a sink and tray or multiple compartment sinks in one vent.
- Combination Waste and Vent System: A system with horizontal wet venting for sinks or drains using a common waste and vent pipe.
- Common Vent: A drain from two or three fixtures connected to a single trap; also called a dual vent.
- Cross Connection: A physical connection between two separate piping systems, potentially allowing water flow between them.
- Dead End: An extended closed portion of a pipe where water or air can stagnate.
- Developed Length: The length along the center of a pipe and fitting.
- Diameter: The nominal internal diameter (ID) of a pipe, except for brass and copper, where it refers to the outside diameter (OD).
- Drainage System: Includes all piping within a property that conveys sewage, rainwater, or other liquid waste.
- Dry Vent: A vent that does not carry water or waste.
- Effective Opening: The minimum cross-sectional area at the point of water supply discharge, measured as a circle's diameter.
- Existing Work: Installed and approved plumbing prior to additions or alterations.
- Fixture Branch: A pipe connecting several fixtures.
- Fixture Drain: The drain from the trap of a fixture.
- Fixture Supply: A water supply pipe connecting a fixture to the fixture branch.
- Fixture Units: A quantity expressing the load on a plumbing system based on different fixture types.
- Fixture Unit Flow Rate: The total discharge flow in gallons per minute of a simple fixture divided by 7.5 gallons.
- Flood Level: A device inside a tank maintaining the water level.
- Ferrule: A metallic sleeve joined to a pipe opening, used for cleaning or examining the interior.
- Flush Valve: A device at the bottom of a tank for flushing water closets.
- Flushometer Valve: A device discharging a specific water quantity for flushing.
- Grade: The slope of a pipe, expressed as a fraction of an inch per foot.
- Group Vent: A branch vent serving two or more traps.
- Horizontal Pipe: Any pipe or fitting exceeding a 45-degree angle with vertical.
- Invert: The lowest portion of a non-vertical pipe or conduit.
- Liquid Waste: Discharge from fixtures or appliances without fecal matter.
- Local Vent Pipe: A pipe on the fixture side of a trap, removing vapor or foul air from a room.
- Looped Vent: Similar to a circuit vent but connects with a stack vent instead.
- Lateral: A secondary pipe in plumbing; a common sewer in sewage.
- Main: The principal artery of a continuous piping system.
- Main Sewer: A sewer line directly controlled by public authority.
- Main Vent: The principal artery of the venting system.
- Plumbing Fixtures: Installed receptacles, devices, or appliances supplied with water or discharging liquid or waste into a drainage system.
- Plumbing System: Includes water supply, distribution pipes, fixtures, traps, soil, waste, vent pipes, house drain, house sewer, and related connections.
- Relief Vent: A vent providing circulation of air between drainage and vent systems.
- Re-Vent Pipe: A vent connecting directly to a waste or group of wastes and extending to the main or branch vent pipe.
- Riser: A vertical water supply pipe carrying water to branches or fixtures.
- Rough-In: The installation of all parts of the plumbing system before fixture installation, including drainage, water supply, vent piping, and supports.
- Trap Seal: The maximum vertical depth of liquid retained by a trap.
- Vent Stack: A vertical pipe providing air circulation in the drainage system.
- Vent System: Pipes providing air flow within the plumbing system to protect trap seals.
- Vertical Pipe: A pipe installed vertically or at an angle less than 45 degrees with the vertical.
- Waste Pipe: A pipe conveying liquid waste free of fecal matter.
- Water Distributing Pipe: Conveys water from the water service pipe to fixtures and outlets.
- Water Service Pipe: The pipe connecting the water main or source to the building.
- Water Supply System: Includes the water service pipe, distributing pipes, connecting pipes, fittings, control valves, and appurtenances.
- Wet Vent: A vent receiving waste discharge from fixtures other than water closets.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of plumbing, including definitions, the role of a plumber, and aspects of drainage systems. Explore the art and science involved in installing pipes and fixtures for water supply and waste management in buildings.
