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Koji model socijalne države se oslanja na visoke poreze i aktivnu politiku tržišta rada?

  • Konzervativni model
  • Skandinavski model (correct)
  • Anglo-saksonski model
  • Liberali model
  • Koji od navedenih faktora ne doprinosi transformaciji socijalne države?

  • Povećanje javnog sektora (correct)
  • Globalizacija
  • Demografske promene
  • Politički faktori
  • Koji primer pokazuje smanjenje socijalnih programa i veće oslanjanje na privatni sektor?

  • Švedska
  • Nemačka
  • Sjedinjene Američke Države (correct)
  • Norveška
  • Šta se podrazumeva pod "aktivnom socijalnom državom"?

    <p>Fokus na poticanje zapošljavanja kroz obrazovne programe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koja je jedna od kriza koja je pogodila socijalne države od 1970-ih godina?

    <p>Rast javnih dugova</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Šta predstavlja glavnu prepreku za održavanje velikih socijalnih programa?

    <p>Globalizacija</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koja od navedenih promene ukazuje na restrukturisanje socijalne države?

    <p>Privatizacija nekih usluga</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koji od sledećih tipova socijalne države karakterizira minimalna intervencija države i oslanjanje na tržište?

    <p>Liberalni tip socijalne države</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koji model socijalne države se često suočava sa kritikama zbog smanjenja državne intervencije?

    <p>Liberalni model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koji od sledećih faktora označava krizu socijalne države prema Hantingtonu?

    <p>Inflacija zahteva i previsoka očekivanja</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koja je važna posledica ulaganja u obrazovanje i zdravstvo prema socijalnoj politici?

    <p>Smanjenje potrebe za skupljim rešenjima u budućnosti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koju teoriju je razvio Gøsta Esping-Andersen u vezi sa tipologijom socijalnih država?

    <p>Teorija tri sveta blagostanja</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koja kritika desnice je usmerena na koncept socijalnih prava?

    <p>Socijalna prava su ekonomski neefikasna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kako globalizacija utiče na socijalnu politiku prema analizi?

    <p>Stvara izazove u održavanju socijalne zaštite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koji je glavni cilj liberalnog tipa socijalne države?

    <p>Podstaknuti građane na samostalno rešavanje potreba</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koji resursi su, prema Klausu Ofeu, ključni za državu blagostanja?

    <p>Fiskalni resursi, administrativna racionalnost, masivna lojalnost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kako transformacija socijalne države zavisi od društvenih potreba i ekonomskih mogućnosti?

    <p>Zavisi od balansa između socijalnih potreba i ekonomskih mogućnosti.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koji od navedenih pojmova Burdije ne smatra oblikom socijalnog kapitala?

    <p>Ekonomski kapital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kako Džejms Kolmen vidi socijalni kapital u odnosu na ekonomske resurse?

    <p>Kao nešto što može biti jednako korisno svim članovima društva.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koja od sledećih komponenata nije deo Putnamove definicije socijalnog kapitala?

    <p>Ekonski resursi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koja tvrdnja najbolje opisuje uticaj socijalnog kapitala na zajednicu prema Putnamu?

    <p>Omogućava građanima da lakše rešavaju kolektivne probleme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kako se globalizacija može odraziti na socijalne politike?

    <p>Smanjuje uticaj nacionalnih politika.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Koji od navedenih koncepta nije specifično povezan sa Burdijeovim prikazom socijalnog kapitala?

    <p>Fizički kapital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kako Putnam definiše moralne norme kao deo socijalnog kapitala?

    <p>Kao uzajamne norme koje podstiču saradnju.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Esping-Andersen’s Welfare State Typology

    • Esping-Andersen created a typology to understand different welfare state approaches in developed countries.
    • He divides welfare states into liberal, conservative and social democratic models.
    • This model helps analyze how countries shape social security.

    Welfare State Transformation

    • The welfare state is changing due to economic, political and social pressures.
    • The welfare state refers to a state actively intervening in the economic and social lives of citizens.
    • Examples of programs include education, healthcare, social protection, pensions, and unemployment benefits.

    Reasons for Welfare State Transformation

    • Globalization: Global markets pressure countries to reduce social programs.
    • Demographic changes: Aging populations increase healthcare and pension costs.
    • Economy and labor market: Increased insecure work (flexible contracts, temporary jobs) makes maintaining social security challenging.
    • Political factors: Shifting political priorities, with neoliberal ideas (less state intervention, lower public spending), leading to cuts in social programs.

    Phases of Transformation

    • Crisis Phase: many states experienced a welfare crisis due to increasing public debt and decreasing economic growth.
    • Restructuring: States adjusted by reducing some social benefits, privatizing services, and implementing new models, like private pension funds.
    • New welfare state models: Some countries transitioned to an "active welfare state," focusing on promoting employment through education, training, and support for labor market reintegration.

    Examples of Welfare State Transformations

    • Scandinavian model: Maintains high levels of social security, relying on high taxes and active labor market policies.
    • Anglo-Saxon model: Reduction in social programs and increased reliance on the private sector (e.g., USA and UK).
    • Conservative model: Countries like Germany maintained social security but reformed pension and healthcare systems due to demographic challenges.

    Benefits of Social Policy

    • Social Stability: Social policy reduces poverty and social tensions, leading to societal stability.
    • Economy: Provision of social services and protection increases economic productivity as healthy and educated citizens contribute to the economy.
    • Problem Prevention: Investing in education, healthcare, and social services reduces the need for costly solutions in the future.

    Criticism of Welfare State (Right-Wing Critique)

    • Critics argue that welfare state functions should be narrowed and redesigned.
    • Habermas: Crisis of late capitalism stems from the tensions between capitalism and democracy.
    • Ofe: Welfare state reliance on fiscal resources, administrative rationality, and mass loyalty is threatened.
    • Huntington: The welfare state crisis is caused by an overload of demands (inflation of expectations).
    • The strongest criticism targets the concept of social rights, deemed economically inefficient and promoting passivity.
    • New social partnership: Should be built on social responsibility.

    Classifying Welfare States - Esping-Andersen

    • Esping-Andersen identifies three welfare states:
      • Liberal: Minimal state intervention, selective social assistance, focus on individual responsibility.
      • Conservative: Emphasis on traditional family and social order, social insurance based on contributions, strong regulation, and limited social assistance.
      • Social Democratic: Universal benefits and services, strong focus on social equality, extensive welfare state infrastructure, high tax rates.

    Social Capital

    • Social capital refers to the resources and advantages individuals and groups gain through their social networks and relationships.
    • Bourdieu: Defines social capital as resources mobilized through social networks and groups. He distinguishes between economic, cultural, and social capital.
    • Coleman: Social capital is a crucial factor in achieving social goals, emphasizing physical, human, and social capital.
    • Putnam: Emphasizes the interconnectedness of civic engagement and social trust as significant components of social capital, which provides resources for collective action.

    Social Capital, Politics, and Democracies

    • Putnam: Argues that social capital promotes community development.
    • High levels of social capital facilitate addressing collective problems.
    • Social capital allows for collective action and problem-solving.

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