PLD 403 - Toxicology and Forensic Chemistry: Target Organs & Mechanisms of Toxicity
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Questions and Answers

What is one factor that does NOT necessarily determine the target organ for a toxicant?

  • Altering the target molecule by the toxicant
  • Tissue distribution in the body (correct)
  • Duration of exposure to the toxicant
  • High concentration of toxicant at the target organ

    • Which organ serves as the target for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) despite not having the highest concentration of the toxicant?

  • Liver
  • Central Nervous System (CNS) (correct)
  • Kidney
  • Adipose tissue

    • Why is iron in cytochrome-P450 not considered a target molecule for Carbon monoxide (CO)?

  • It does not result in any significant consequence (correct)
  • It leads to hypoxia and toxicity
  • It binds with iron in hemoglobin instead
  • It has a high metabolic function

    • Which of the following is NOT a target organ for industrial and environmental toxicants?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the liver and kidney more exposed to toxicants compared to other organs?

    <p>Higher volume of blood flow and excretory functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a crucial role in determining the toxicity of a toxicant at the target tissue?

    <p>The alteration of the target molecule by the toxicant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a criterion for a target organ for toxicity?

    <p>Greater sensitivity to the toxicant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ system is particularly sensitive to toxicants that inhibit mitochondrial function?

    <p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are more susceptible to mitotic poisons?

    <p>Rapidly dividing cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following toxicants is known to affect the nervous system and myocardial cells due to its inhibition of mitochondrial function?

    <p>Carbon monoxide (CO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of toxicant is methotrexate?

    <p>Mitotic poison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to an organ being a target for toxicity?

    <p>Proximity to the site of toxicant exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about lipophilicity and target organs is correct?

    <p>Lipophilic toxicants can cross the blood-brain barrier and affect the central nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of selective uptake of a toxicant?

    <p>Paraquat, a herbicide structurally similar to polyamines, causing damage to the respiratory tract when administered orally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about biotransformation (bioactivation - metabolism) is correct?

    <p>Bromobenzene is an example of a toxicant that is activated in the liver but can affect the kidney.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a common molecular target for toxicants?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a toxicant targeting a protein receptor?

    <p>d-Tubocurarine causing paralysis by binding to skeletal muscle nicotinic receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a toxicant targeting a protein carrier?

    <p>Carbon monoxide binding to hemoglobin, where oxygen normally binds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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