18 Questions
What is one factor that does NOT necessarily determine the target organ for a toxicant?
Tissue distribution in the body
Which organ serves as the target for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) despite not having the highest concentration of the toxicant?
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Why is iron in cytochrome-P450 not considered a target molecule for Carbon monoxide (CO)?
It does not result in any significant consequence
Which of the following is NOT a target organ for industrial and environmental toxicants?
Liver
Why are the liver and kidney more exposed to toxicants compared to other organs?
Higher volume of blood flow and excretory functions
Which factor plays a crucial role in determining the toxicity of a toxicant at the target tissue?
The alteration of the target molecule by the toxicant
Which of the following is a criterion for a target organ for toxicity?
Greater sensitivity to the toxicant
Which organ system is particularly sensitive to toxicants that inhibit mitochondrial function?
Nervous system
Which type of cells are more susceptible to mitotic poisons?
Rapidly dividing cells
Which of the following toxicants is known to affect the nervous system and myocardial cells due to its inhibition of mitochondrial function?
Carbon monoxide (CO)
What type of toxicant is methotrexate?
Mitotic poison
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to an organ being a target for toxicity?
Proximity to the site of toxicant exposure
Which of the following statements about lipophilicity and target organs is correct?
Lipophilic toxicants can cross the blood-brain barrier and affect the central nervous system.
Which of the following is an example of selective uptake of a toxicant?
Paraquat, a herbicide structurally similar to polyamines, causing damage to the respiratory tract when administered orally.
Which of the following statements about biotransformation (bioactivation - metabolism) is correct?
Bromobenzene is an example of a toxicant that is activated in the liver but can affect the kidney.
Which of the following is not a common molecular target for toxicants?
Carbohydrates
Which of the following is an example of a toxicant targeting a protein receptor?
d-Tubocurarine causing paralysis by binding to skeletal muscle nicotinic receptors.
Which of the following is an example of a toxicant targeting a protein carrier?
Carbon monoxide binding to hemoglobin, where oxygen normally binds.
Learn about the criteria of a target organ for toxicity, types of molecular targets for toxicity, mechanisms underlying toxic effects by different xenobiotics, and factors affecting toxicokinetics. This quiz covers key concepts in toxicology and forensic chemistry.
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