18 Questions
According to David Hume, how does a person define themselves?
By their emotions and behavior
Who believed in the division of a person's body and soul?
Plato
What philosophical concept did Immanuel Kant respond to in relation to David Hume's work?
Empiricism
Which philosopher is known for the statement 'Cogito Ergo Sum'?
Descartes
How did Immanuel Kant argue one can fully understand themselves?
By a certain level of consciousness and intuition
What did David Hume posit does not exist?
Permanent self
Who is considered the Father of Modern Philosophy?
Descartes
Which philosopher's work centers around the concept of 'Tabula Rasa'?
Locke
How did David Hume believe we create our ideas and knowledge?
From impressions gathered through experiences
What did Immanuel Kant argue is only a part of our self?
Emotions and behavior
Who is associated with the idea that a person is born knowing nothing and accumulates knowledge through experiences?
Locke
Which philosopher rejected the doubtfulness of the academy and emphasized the teachings of God?
St. Augustine
What is the literal meaning of the term 'Philosophy'?
Love for Wisdom
According to Socrates, what is the goal in life for men?
To obtain happiness
What was one of the notable works by Plato?
The Allegory of the Cave
Which philosopher is known for developing the concept of 'Introspection'?
Gilbert Ryle
Who was considered as the Father of the Academy where learning and knowledge sharing took place?
Plato
'A person who follows truth and wisdom according to Plato will not be tempted by vices and will always be just.' What does this statement imply?
'Truth and wisdom' are superior to vices
Study Notes
Ancient Greek Philosophers
- Plato believed in the division of a person's body and soul, which forms the person as a whole aside from material things.
- He presented the idea that the soul has three parts: Appetitive Soul (driven by desire and need to satisfy oneself), Spirited Soul (courageous part of a person), and Rational Soul (driver of our lives; the part that thinks and plans for the future).
Early Christian Philosophers
- St. Augustine was a Saint and Philosopher of the church who believed that God encompasses us all.
- His work focused on how God and his teachings affect various aspects of life.
Modern Philosophers
- René Descartes, a French philosopher, believed in modern dualism, or the existence of body and mind, and its implication to one's existence.
- He is known for the statement "Cogito Ergo Sum" which means "I think, therefore I am".
- Descartes believed that a person is comprised of mind and body, the body that perceives from the different senses, and the mind that thinks and questions or doubts what the body has experienced.
British Empiricists
- John Locke, an English philosopher, believed in the concept of "Tabula Rasa" which means a blank slate.
- He stated that a person is born with knowing nothing and is susceptible to stimulation and accumulation of learning from experiences, failures, references, and observations.
Other Philosophers
- Socrates believed in the notion of "knowing oneself" and that a person's goal in life is to obtain happiness, which motivates us to act towards or avoid things that could negatively affect our lives.
- David Hume, a Scottish philosopher, believed that there is no permanent "self" and that our impressions of things based on our experiences shape our ideas and knowledge.
- Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, argued that the awareness of different emotions, impressions, and behavior is only part of our self, and that to fully understand who we are, a certain level of consciousness or sense that uses our intuition is needed.
Explore the concept of the soul according to Plato, which consists of three main parts: Appetitive Soul, Spirited Soul, and Rational Soul. Learn how these parts influence a person's behavior and decision-making.
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