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Questions and Answers
The Mariana’s Trench marks the location where the fast-moving Pacific Plate converges against the slow moving ______ Plate.
The Mariana’s Trench marks the location where the fast-moving Pacific Plate converges against the slow moving ______ Plate.
Philippine
Subduction processes in oceanic-oceanic plate convergence also result in the formation of ______.
Subduction processes in oceanic-oceanic plate convergence also result in the formation of ______.
volcanoes
When two continents meet head-on, neither is subducted because the continental rocks are relatively ______ and resist downward motion.
When two continents meet head-on, neither is subducted because the continental rocks are relatively ______ and resist downward motion.
light
Such volcanoes are typically strung out in chains called ______ arcs.
Such volcanoes are typically strung out in chains called ______ arcs.
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About 40 to 50 million years ago, the boundary between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate was oceanic-continental in nature and later on it became ______ convergence after the consumption of the Tethys Sea.
About 40 to 50 million years ago, the boundary between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate was oceanic-continental in nature and later on it became ______ convergence after the consumption of the Tethys Sea.
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The zone between two plates sliding horizontally past one another is called a ______ boundary.
The zone between two plates sliding horizontally past one another is called a ______ boundary.
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____ boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by upward movement of molten magma. The well-known divergent boundary is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
____ boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by upward movement of molten magma. The well-known divergent boundary is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
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____ plates comprise the bulk of the continents and the Pacific Ocean.
____ plates comprise the bulk of the continents and the Pacific Ocean.
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The Pacific Plate, North American Plate, Eurasian Plate, African Plate, Antarctic Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, South American Plate are examples of ____ plates.
The Pacific Plate, North American Plate, Eurasian Plate, African Plate, Antarctic Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, South American Plate are examples of ____ plates.
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____ boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by upward movement of molten magma. The well-known divergent boundary is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The rate of spreading along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge averages about 2.5 cm/yr.
____ boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by upward movement of molten magma. The well-known divergent boundary is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The rate of spreading along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge averages about 2.5 cm/yr.
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These smaller plates are often not shown on major plate maps, as the majority do not comprise significant land area. New Hebrides Plate, Okhotsk Plate, Philippine Plate, Scotia Plate, Somali Plate, Sunda Plate, Yangtze Plate are examples of ____ plates.
These smaller plates are often not shown on major plate maps, as the majority do not comprise significant land area. New Hebrides Plate, Okhotsk Plate, Philippine Plate, Scotia Plate, Somali Plate, Sunda Plate, Yangtze Plate are examples of ____ plates.
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The friction between the plates can be so great that very large strains can build up before they are periodically relieved by large ______.
The friction between the plates can be so great that very large strains can build up before they are periodically relieved by large ______.
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____ plates are often grouped with an adjacent principal plate on a tectonic plate world map. Their respective areas are less than 1 million km^2.
____ plates are often grouped with an adjacent principal plate on a tectonic plate world map. Their respective areas are less than 1 million km^2.
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At the boundaries of the plates, rocks fracture, usually at many locations, creating a web of smaller plates with edges that rub and push relative to each other; these edges are called ______.
At the boundaries of the plates, rocks fracture, usually at many locations, creating a web of smaller plates with edges that rub and push relative to each other; these edges are called ______.
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Earthquakes of tectonic origin are produced by sudden movement along ______ and plate boundaries.
Earthquakes of tectonic origin are produced by sudden movement along ______ and plate boundaries.
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A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of ______.
A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of ______.
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The fault slip is used to classify faults depending on the direction of the movement of rocks on one side relative to the other side; vertical movement is known as dipslip, while horizontal movement is known as ______.
The fault slip is used to classify faults depending on the direction of the movement of rocks on one side relative to the other side; vertical movement is known as dipslip, while horizontal movement is known as ______.
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Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the form of ______.
Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the form of ______.
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Study Notes
Plate Tectonics
- The Mariana's Trench is an example of an oceanic-oceanic plate convergence, where the Pacific Plate converges with the Philippine Plate, resulting in subduction and the formation of volcanoes in island arcs.
Convergent Boundaries
- Continental-continental convergence occurs when two continents meet head-on, resulting in buckling and upward or sideways motion of the crust, rather than subduction.
- Example: The boundary between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate was initially oceanic-continental, but later became continental-continental convergence after the consumption of the Tethys Sea.
Transform Boundaries
- Transform boundaries occur when two plates slide horizontally past each other, resulting in shallow earthquakes without volcanic activity.
- The concept of transform faults was proposed by Canadian geophysicist J.Tuzo Wilson.
Tectonic Plates
- Major plates include the Pacific Plate, North American Plate, Eurasian Plate, African Plate, Antarctic Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, and South American Plate.
- Minor plates include the Amurian Plate, Arabian Plate, Burma Plate, Caribbean Plate, Caroline Plate, Cocos Plate, Indian Plate, Nazca Plate, and others.
- Microplates are smaller plates that are often grouped with an adjacent principal plate on a tectonic plate world map and have an area less than 1 million km2.
Plate Boundaries
- Divergent boundaries occur where plates are moving apart and new crust is created, such as at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
- Convergent boundaries occur where plates are moving towards each other, resulting in subduction or collision.
- Transform boundaries occur where plates are sliding horizontally past each other.
Earthquakes
- Earthquakes of tectonic origin are produced by sudden movement along faults and plate boundaries.
- Faults allow blocks of rock to move relative to each other, which can result in rapid movement (earthquakes) or slow movement (creep).
Faults
- A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock.
- Faults can be classified based on the direction of movement, including dip-slip (vertical movement) and strike-slip (horizontal movement).
- Faults occur along the edges of tectonic plates or within their interior.
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Description
Reinforce your knowledge of plate tectonics theory by watching the provided YouTube videos. Learn about the major tectonic plates like the Pacific Plate, North American Plate, and Eurasian Plate, as well as the concept of minor tectonic plates.
