Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the following types of plastic with their characteristics:
Match the following types of plastic with their characteristics:
Thermoplastics = Melt and are deformable Thermosets = Have a rigid structure and cannot be melted again Elastomers = Softened at room temperature and elastic Amorphous plastics = Disordered and often transparent
Match the following polymerization reactions with their descriptions:
Match the following polymerization reactions with their descriptions:
Polycondensation = Brings together 2 different or identical substances Polyaddition = Does not create any byproducts
Match the following plastic types with some examples:
Match the following plastic types with some examples:
Semi-crystalline plastics = PP, PE-HD, PE-LD Amorphous plastics = ABS, PS-HI, PVC Thermosets = Bakelite, Melamine formaldehyde Elastomers = Rubber
Match the following terms with their related concepts:
Match the following terms with their related concepts:
Match the following properties with their corresponding plastic types:
Match the following properties with their corresponding plastic types:
Match the following characteristics with their types of polymerization:
Match the following characteristics with their types of polymerization:
Match the following types of plastics with their processing characteristics:
Match the following types of plastics with their processing characteristics:
Match the classifications of plastics with their descriptions:
Match the classifications of plastics with their descriptions:
Flashcards
Polycondensation
Polycondensation
A chemical reaction where two or more monomers join together to form a polymer, releasing a small molecule like water as a byproduct.
Polyaddition
Polyaddition
A chemical reaction that joins monomers to form a polymer without releasing any byproducts. The atoms in the monomers rearrange to create the polymer.
Thermoplastics
Thermoplastics
A type of plastic that can be repeatedly melted and reshaped without breaking down. They form long chains that can be easily rearranged by heating.
Amorphous Thermoplastics
Amorphous Thermoplastics
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Semicrystalline Thermoplastics
Semicrystalline Thermoplastics
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Thermosets
Thermosets
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Elastomers
Elastomers
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Intermolecular Bonds
Intermolecular Bonds
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Study Notes
Plastics Composition
- Plastics are composed of carbon-hydrogen bonds.
- Monomers combine to form polymers.
- Two main polymerization reactions are polycondensation and polyaddition.
Polycondensation
- Combines two or more different or identical substances.
- Creates water as a byproduct, which must be removed.
- Examples include polyester, polyether, and polyamide.
Polyaddition
- Combines two identical or different substances.
- Rearranges atomic order compared to monomers.
- Requires a catalyst and high temperature/pressure.
- Doesn't produce any byproducts.
Types of Plastics
- Classified into thermoplastics, elastomers, and thermosets.
Thermoplastics
- Melt when heated.
- Covalent bonds are resistant to temperature changes.
- Intermolecular forces (e.g., hydrogen bonds) weaken at higher temperatures.
- Can be easily reshaped.
- Two types: Amorphous and Semicrystalline
- Amorphous: Disordered structure, glassy, transparent, brittle.
- Semicrystalline: Partially ordered, crystalline regions with ductile loops, opaque, better thermal resistance.
- Examples: Polypropylene (PP), High-density polyethylene (PE-HD), Low-density polyethylene (PE-LD), and Linear Low-density polyethylene (PE-LLD), and others.
Elastomers
- Soft or rubbery at room temperature.
- 2D or 3D network structure with large meshes and connections between chains.
- Can be stretched and return to original shape (elastic).
- Examples include Ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM),.
Thermosets
- 3D network structure with strong bonds between chains.
- Rigid structure.
- Cannot be melted or reshaped after curing (often a chemical reaction during hardening).
- Cannot be reused or reformed after the initial molding.
- Examples include bakelite, melamine formaldehyde.
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