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Questions and Answers
Which of the following transport processes in plants is primarily responsible for the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves?
Which of the following transport processes in plants is primarily responsible for the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves?
- Osmosis
- Translocation
- Transpiration (correct)
- Capillary action
Phloem transport is unidirectional, moving substances only from source to sink.
Phloem transport is unidirectional, moving substances only from source to sink.
False (B)
What primary type of organic molecules are transported through the phloem?
What primary type of organic molecules are transported through the phloem?
sucrose and amino acids
The vascular cambium is responsible for producing new ______ and phloem.
The vascular cambium is responsible for producing new ______ and phloem.
Match the following plant structures with their function in transport:
Match the following plant structures with their function in transport:
What is the primary driving force behind the movement of water in the xylem?
What is the primary driving force behind the movement of water in the xylem?
Xylem cells have end walls (sieve plates) between them to control the flow of water.
Xylem cells have end walls (sieve plates) between them to control the flow of water.
In the context of translocation, what determines whether a plant organ is acting as a 'source' or a 'sink'?
In the context of translocation, what determines whether a plant organ is acting as a 'source' or a 'sink'?
The removal of bark in a 'ringing experiment' primarily disrupts the flow of nutrients through the ______.
The removal of bark in a 'ringing experiment' primarily disrupts the flow of nutrients through the ______.
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to plant transport:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to plant transport:
Which of the following characteristics is unique to phloem transport compared to xylem transport?
Which of the following characteristics is unique to phloem transport compared to xylem transport?
Root pressure is the primary mechanism for water transport in tall trees.
Root pressure is the primary mechanism for water transport in tall trees.
What structural feature of xylem cells allows for efficient water transport?
What structural feature of xylem cells allows for efficient water transport?
The ______ cells in phloem provide metabolic support to the sieve tube elements.
The ______ cells in phloem provide metabolic support to the sieve tube elements.
Match the following substances with the plant tissue primarily responsible for their transport:
Match the following substances with the plant tissue primarily responsible for their transport:
During the spring, which part of the plant typically acts as a 'source' in translocation?
During the spring, which part of the plant typically acts as a 'source' in translocation?
The cambium separates pholem from the root.
The cambium separates pholem from the root.
What happens to the materials that accumulate during the ringing experiment?
What happens to the materials that accumulate during the ringing experiment?
In the fall, roots ______ sucrose.
In the fall, roots ______ sucrose.
Match plant structure to its properties.
Match plant structure to its properties.
Flashcards
What is translocation?
What is translocation?
The movement of sucrose and amino acids from source to sink in a plant.
What are sources in plants?
What are sources in plants?
Areas where sucrose is produced (e.g., leaves during photosynthesis) or released from storage.
What are sinks in plants?
What are sinks in plants?
Areas where sucrose is needed or stored (e.g., roots, developing fruits).
What do Xylem transport?
What do Xylem transport?
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What do phloem transport?
What do phloem transport?
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Is xylem transport unidirectional or bidirectional?
Is xylem transport unidirectional or bidirectional?
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What is the role of the cambium?
What is the role of the cambium?
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What is transpiration?
What is transpiration?
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What is osmosis?
What is osmosis?
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Study Notes
- Plant transport involves the movement of water, minerals, sucrose, and amino acids throughout the plant.
Osmosis, Transpiration, Root Pressure, Capillary Action
- Osmosis, transpiration, root pressure, and capillary action are involved in the transport processes.
Water and Minerals
- Water and minerals are transported through the xylem.
Sucrose and Amino Acids
- Sucrose and amino acids are transported through the phloem.
Xylem
- Xylem transports water and minerals in one direction.
- There are no end walls between xylem cells allowing continuous flow
- Outer cells of xylem are not living
Pholem
- Phloem transports sucrose and amino acids in two directions.
- End walls (sieve plates) are present in phloem cells.
- Phloem cells are living but need support.
Vascular Bundle
- A vascular bundle contains both xylem and phloem.
- In the root, xylem and phloem are separated.
- In the stem, xylem and phloem are separated by cambium.
- The stem has xylem, pholem and cambium. In the leaf, there are vascular bundels with xylem and phloem.
- Cambium matures into xylem and phloem.
Translocation
- Translocation is the transport of sucrose and amino acids from a source to a sink.
- A source is where a substance is made or stored.
- A sink is where a substance is needed or used.
- During the summer, leaves photosynthesize and produce sucrose, which is then transported to the tubers for storage as starch.
- During the spring, sucrose is sent to new shoots from the tubers after converstion of starch into sucrose.
- Sources leaves produce sucrose. This sucrose is sent from the leaves to the tubers.
- Sinks convert sucrose into starch in tubers.
Factors Affecting Translocation
- Translocation depends on the stage of development and the season.
Ringing Experiment
- The ringing experiment involves removing a ring of bark from a tree.
- Removing bark would remove phloem.
- Accumulation of food substances would cause swelling above the cut region.
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