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Questions and Answers
Why is it recommended to move stock plants to a controlled environment before taking explants?
Why is it recommended to move stock plants to a controlled environment before taking explants?
- To encourage rapid growth regardless of health, ensuring ample explant material.
- To induce flowering. improving the ease of explant selection.
- To allow for observation and specialized care, promoting health and minimizing stress. (correct)
- To expose them to a variety of environmental stressors, increasing their adaptability.
What is the purpose of sterilizing cutters in a bleach solution when preparing explants?
What is the purpose of sterilizing cutters in a bleach solution when preparing explants?
- To reduce the size of the explants for easier handling.
- To accelerate the rooting process of the explants.
- To increase the nutrient uptake efficiency of the explants.
- To prevent contamination of the explants with pathogens. (correct)
Which of the following explant types is most suitable for micropropagation?
Which of the following explant types is most suitable for micropropagation?
- Nodal cuttings from meristems (correct)
- Leaf segments
- Root pieces
- Pollen grains
Why is it important to process explants as soon as possible after cutting them?
Why is it important to process explants as soon as possible after cutting them?
What type of explant is typically used for anther culture?
What type of explant is typically used for anther culture?
How does the age of the plant typically affect the response of explants taken from it?
How does the age of the plant typically affect the response of explants taken from it?
What is the primary reason for using disease-free plants as the source of explants in tissue culture?
What is the primary reason for using disease-free plants as the source of explants in tissue culture?
For conservation of germplasm, which type of explant is preferred?
For conservation of germplasm, which type of explant is preferred?
Why are new shoots considered ideal for explant selection?
Why are new shoots considered ideal for explant selection?
What is the recommended maximum size for leaf petiole sections used as explants?
What is the recommended maximum size for leaf petiole sections used as explants?
Flashcards
What is an explant?
What is an explant?
A piece of plant from which a culture is started, ranging from a fraction of a millimeter to several centimeters.
Examples of explants?
Examples of explants?
Meristems, shoot tips, nodes, buds, flowers, leaf pieces, seeds, and single cells.
Ideal mother plant conditions?
Ideal mother plant conditions?
Disease-free plants that have been moved to a clean or controlled environment.
How to prepare explants?
How to prepare explants?
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Callus culture explants?
Callus culture explants?
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Meristem tip culture explants?
Meristem tip culture explants?
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Regeneration explants?
Regeneration explants?
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Anther culture explants?
Anther culture explants?
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Importance of clean stock plants?
Importance of clean stock plants?
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Study Notes
- Explant is a plant piece used to start a culture.
- They can range from a 10th of a millimeter to stem pieces of several centimeters in length.
- Examples include meristems, shoot tips, nodes, buds, and flowers.
- Other examples of explants are anthers, petals, leaf pieces, petioles, seeds, embryos, seedlings, bulb scales, rhizome tips, root pieces, single cells, or protoplasts.
Selection of the Mother Plant
- Only disease-free plants should undergo tissue culture.
- Move stock plants to a clean environment away from dust and disease before taking explants.
- Observe plants and provide care for 2 weeks to 6 months under controlled conditions.
- Healthy, non-stressed plants are the goal.
- Wash plants with clean water, allow foliage to dry, then water the base.
- New shoots yield cleaner explants and increased juvenility.
- Younger plants' explants respond faster.
- Explants taken in the morning may perform better.
Explant Preparation
- Materials include cutter/scissors, plastic bags, and paper towels.
- Cut explants with bleach-sterilized cutters.
- Place cut explants in a plastic bag with a moist paper towel until ready to work in the laboratory.
- Store explants in a deep freezer until processing, and process as soon as possible.
- Recommended explants use 5 mm leaf petiole sections; cut to 5mm pieces only during final processing in the hood.
Types of Cultures and Explants Used
- Callus cultures use leaves, anthers, root segments, petioles, and tuber discs.
- Cell cultures use callus derived from explants.
- Meristem tip cultures use apical/auxiliary buds from stem segments or sprouts.
- Protoplast cultures use callus/cell cultures and leaves.
- Micropropagation uses nodal cutting from meristems, sprouts, and apical buds.
- Germplasm conservation uses nodal region from in vitro plantlets free of infection.
- Regeneration uses leaf, steam, and tuber fragments, along with protoplasts callus.
- Embryo cultures use mature or immature seeds.
- Anther cultures use anthers or pollen grains.
- Explant choice mainly depends on the research aim.
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