Plant Pollination Adaptations Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of genetic trait is tongue rolling categorized as?

Mitochondrial trait

Autosomal recessive trait (correct)

Dominant autosomal trait

X-linked dominant trait

Which of the following describes the trait of widow's peak?

It is an autosomal dominant trait. (correct)

It is a recessive trait seen in homozygous individuals.

It is a trait caused by mitochondrial inheritance.

It is an X-linked trait predominantly seen in males.

What inheritance pattern is associated with color blindness?

X-linked recessive inheritance (correct)

Autosomal dominant inheritance

Mitochondrial inheritance

Codominant inheritance

What is the relationship between the alleles IA and IB in the ABO blood group system?

They show codominance. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the genotype of individuals who are unable to roll their tongues?

They are homozygous recessive. Signup and view all the answers

What genetic condition is caused by an extra copy of chromosome number 21?

Down's syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of Down's syndrome?

Mild or moderate mental retardation Signup and view all the answers

Which host is part of the life cycle of Plasmodium species that cause malaria?

Anopheles mosquito Signup and view all the answers

What are the classic symptoms of malaria?

Cyclical occurrence of coldness and fever Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

Amoebiasis Signup and view all the answers

What type of stool symptom is typically associated with amoebic dysentery caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

Stool with blood and mucous Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the failure of chromosome separation during gamete formation that can lead to Down's syndrome?

Non-disjunction Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable symptom of malaria related to temperature changes?

Cyclical coldness followed by fever Signup and view all the answers

What adaptation helps Eichhornia prevent rotting in water?

Presence of mucilage on the entire plant Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is characteristic of Typha's leaves?

Long, linear, and sub-cylindrical Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the giant intestinal roundworm?

Ascaris lumbricoides Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with a severe case of intestinal roundworm infection?

Restlessness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Sertoli cells in the male reproductive system?

Nourish sperm during maturation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fungi is NOT a causative agent of ringworm?

Candida albicans Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Turner's Syndrome in terms of chromosomal condition?

X0 chromosomal configuration Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with Turner's Syndrome?

Webbed neck Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of a ringworm infection?

Red patches on skin Signup and view all the answers

In Klinefelter's Syndrome, what is the chromosomal configuration?

XXY configuration Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes start repelling from each other?

Diplotene Signup and view all the answers

What happens during Telophase 1 of meiosis?

Chromosomes reach opposite poles Signup and view all the answers

What adaptation allows Eichhornia's stem to manage buoyancy?

Presence of aerenchyma tissues Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is commonly observed in Klinefelter's Syndrome?

Underdeveloped testes Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of Meiosis 2 do chromosomes arrange at the equatorial plane?

Metaphase 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of meiosis involves the exchange of genetic material?

Pachytene Signup and view all the answers

What is imbibition in the context of seeds or raisins?

The adsorption of water without forming a solution Signup and view all the answers

Which pigment appears first during the paper chromatography of chloroplast pigments?

Chlorophyll 2 B Signup and view all the answers

What adaptation helps non-succulent wild shrubs reduce transpiration?

A mealy coating with insulating hairs Signup and view all the answers

What type of plant is characterized by bipinnately compound leaves?

Non succulent xerophyte Signup and view all the answers

What is a phylloclade in plants?

A flattened, jointed green stem for photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

How do bristles or trichomes benefit certain xerophytes?

They provide protection against grazing animals Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes submerged hydrophytes?

Slender stem that lacks mechanical tissues Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the process of paper chromatography with chloroplast pigments?

Partitioning takes place between phases based on solubility Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during Telophase 2 in cell division?

Formation of two daughter nuclei occurs. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT true about the camel's adaptations to a xeric habitat?

It drinks water constantly throughout the day. Signup and view all the answers

How does the kangaroo rat conserve moisture?

It seals its burrows during the nighttime. Signup and view all the answers

Which adaptation in dolphins aids in their breathing?

Beak-like snout and nostrils near the top of the head. Signup and view all the answers

What morphological adaptation helps the Rohu fish minimize resistance in water?

Laterally compressed streamlined body. Signup and view all the answers

What type of animal is a kangaroo rat?

Xerocoles rodent. Signup and view all the answers

What adaptation allows camels to conserve water effectively?

They excrete concentrated urine. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a feature of the dolphin's body adaptation to aquatic life?

Furless, smooth skin. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Spotting Part B

Identification: Crucial for correctly identifying each spot.
Relevant points: Any 3-4 points are sufficient for 1/2 mark. At least 2 floral adaptations must be named.
Spot A - Maize flower - wind pollination (Anemophily): Identifying floral adaptations for wind pollination.
Unisexual and protandrous: Flowers have separate male and female parts, and the male part matures before the female.
Small, inconspicuous, non-attractive: Flowers lack colour, scent, and nectar to attract pollinators.
Perianth reduced to two lodicules: The flower's protective outer covering is minimized.
Stamens extrorse and exserted: Anthers are positioned outward and extend beyond the flower structure.
Tiny light weight and dry pollen grains: Pollen is easily dispersed by wind.
Spot A - Salvia flower - insect pollination (Entomophily): Identifying floral adaptations for insect pollination.
Bisexual and attractive flowers: Flowers with showy appearance.
Brightly colored petals: Attracts insects.
Nectar and nectar glands: Provides a food source for pollinators.
Flower shows bi-lipped corolla: Shape of the flower to guide/direct insects to the reproductive parts.

Spot A - Emasculation Technique

Hybridization step: This process removes the anthers to prevent self-pollination.
Removal of young anthers: From the stamen in the female plant.
Timing: Done before anthesis.
Mechanism: Used forceps or hot water treatment.

Spot A - Bagging and Tagging

Hybridization step: This prevents unwanted pollination.
Polythene bags or sterile paper bags: used to prevent pollination.
Tagging: A tag with details (parent varieties, date, time of emasculation and actual crossing).

Spot B- Rate of Transpiration

Four leaf experiment: Different ways petroleum jelly is applied affects transpiration rate.
Leaf A: Petroleum jelly on both sides.
Leaf B: Petroleum jelly on the lower side only.
Leaf C: Petroleum jelly on the upper side only.
Leaf D: No petroleum jelly applied.

Spot B- Imbibition of seed/Raisins

Physiological experiment: Observing water absorption by seeds and raisins.
Change in volume/swelling: Water causes the raisins to swell.
Imbibition definition: Adsorption of water or other solvents that doesn't form a solution into substances.
Plant cells or cell walls absorb water.

Spot C - Paper Chromatography

Separation of Pigments: This technique separates chloroplast pigments by liquid-liquid partitioning.
Chloroplast Extract: The technique uses this to yield results with different coloured/shaded pigments.
Chlorophyll B (yellow-green)
Chlorophyll 2A (blue-green).
Xanthophyll (yellow)
Carotene (bright orange)

Spot C - Morphological Adaptations in Xerophytic Plants

Calotropis procera: Non-succulent wild shrub, leaves and young branches covered by mealy coating. Leaves are thick and leathery. Possesses latex
Acacia arabica: Non-succulent xerophyte, bipinnately compound leaves, stipules modified into spines.
Opuntia dillenii: Succulent xerophyte, flattened jointed green stem. Modified leaves into spines. Phylloclade possesses water storage tissue. Bristles and trichomes offer protection.

Spot C - Morphological Adaptations in Aquatic Plants

Hydrilla: Submerged hydrophyte, poorly developed adventitious roots, thin, membranous leaves (lack cuticle and stomata).
Eichhornia: Free-floating hydrophyte, short, spongy stem with aerenchyma tissues, swollen spongy petiole. Waxy coating prevents wetting. Adventitious roots form clusters.
Typha: Amphibious and anchored hydrophyte, stem is rhizome, adventitious roots.

Spot D - Histological Slide T.S. Mammalian Testis

Tunica albuginea: Fibrous connective tissue coating.
Seminiferous tubules: Lined with cuboidal germinal epithelial cells.
Spermatogonia: The different stages of spermatogenesis are visible.
Spermatocytes: Primary and secondary.
Spermatids and Sperms: Pyramidal-shaped Sertoli cells nourish.

Spot E - Human Karyotype

Turner's Syndrome (X monosomy/X0):
Sex chromosomal disorder due to non-disjunction during egg formation.
44 autosomes and X0.
Typically female phenotype.
Klinefelter's Syndrome (XXY):
Sex chromosomal disorder (extra X chromosome in males).
Sterile
Feminized male phenotype.
Down's Syndrome (Trisomy 21):
Caused by non-disjunction during gamete formation.
Extra copy of chromosome 21.
Moderate mental retardation.
Poor skeletal development.
Symptoms include short stature, webbed neck, and broad chest.

Spot F - Disease Causing Agents and Symptoms

Plasmodium: Causes Malaria -
Intracellular parasite in blood.
Life cycle involves human and mosquito hosts.
Symptoms include fever, shivering, and vomiting.
Entamoeba histolytica: Causes Amoebiasis -
Parasite in the large intestine.
Symptoms include dysentery, abscesses in various organs, and abdominal discomfort.
Ascaris lumbricoides: Causes Ascariasis -
Soil-transmitted nematode.
Symptoms: Vague abdominal pain, weight loss in severe cases

Spot F - Disease Causing Agents and Symptoms - continued

Microsporum audounii/Trichophyton spp.: Causes Ringworm -
Fungus infecting hair, affecting the dermis.
Symptoms: Red ring patches, itching, scaly skin.

Spot G - Meiosis Stages

Detailed stages of Meiosis I and II (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis of each phase)
Explains the characteristics of each stage including chromosomes appearance and behaviour.

Spot H - Morphological Adaptations for Xerophytic Habitats

Camel: Xerocoles, adaptations for desert conditions (including temperature fluctuations). Fat accumulation in humps. Nostrils close to prevent heat loss. Wide feet/feet are wide for traveling on sand. Conserves water via concentrated urine excretion.
Kangaroo rat: Nocturnal, to avoid day heat. Seals burrows during day: Prevents moisture loss. Obtains metabolic water from dry seeds.
Freshwater fish (Rohu): Streamlined body, gills for respiration, fins for swimming - adaptations for movement and respiration, and protection from water damage.
Dolphin: Mammal and not fish *Streamlined body, no fur (prevents friction in the water), *beak-like snout (*facilitates breathing)

Spot I - Brain and Ovule Parts

Frontal/Parietal/Occipital/Temporal Lobes of Brain: Describes functions for each lobe of the brain (Sensory, Visual, Auditory, Speaking, Movement, Cognition, Memory)
Spinal Cord: Posterior of the brain; controls internal organs. (involuntary processes)
Olfactory Bulb: Describes its position in the brain, and role in processing odors.
Anatropous Ovule: Structure of the ovule, including body, funicle, integuments and micropyle.

Spot J - Genetic Traits and Pedigree charts

Tongue Rolling: Dominant trait (ability to roll tongue)
Widow's Peak: Dominant trait (hairline)
Blood Groups (ABO): Multiple alleles, co-dominance
Color blindness: Recessive X-linked disorder affecting red/green colour vision.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the floral adaptations involved in wind and insect pollination. This quiz covers the identification of key features in maize and salvia flowers, focusing on their structural and functional adaptations. Challenge yourself to recognize the differences in pollination strategies and understand the significance of each adaptation.