Plant Physiology Reproduction Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which part of the stamen contains the microsporangia?

Filament

Pollen grain

Anther (correct)

Tube cell

What is the result of meiosis in the megaspore mother cell?

2 sperm cells

4 haploid megaspores (correct)

8 nuclei in the embryo sac

4 haploid microspores

What happens to the 3 small cells produced during megaspore formation?

They develop into the embryo sac

They disintegrate (correct)

They form the pollen tube

They develop into the endosperm

What is the function of the style in the pistil?

To guide the pollen tube to the ovary Signup and view all the answers

How many sperm cells are produced by the male gametophyte (pollen grain)?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the central cell in the female gametophyte?

To form the endosperm Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the generation that the pollen tube with its contents makes up?

Gametophyte generation Signup and view all the answers

What fuses with the egg cell to form the diploid zygote during pollination and fertilization?

One sperm cell Signup and view all the answers

Which structure disintegrates after pollination and fertilization in the process described?

Tube nucleus Signup and view all the answers

In wind-pollinated flowers, what is the characteristic of the stamen compared to insect-pollinated flowers?

Stamen hangs outside the flower to release pollen Signup and view all the answers

Which type of flower typically produces a large quantity of pollen?

Wind-pollinated flower Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates asexual reproduction from sexual reproduction?

Involvement of haploid gametes Signup and view all the answers

What is sexual reproduction in plants?

The fusion of two gametes to form a zygote Signup and view all the answers

What is the haploid phase in the alternation of generations in plants called?

Gametophyte Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is diploid in the plant life cycle?

Sporophyte Signup and view all the answers

How does the gametophyte generation produce gametes?

Through mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is asexual reproduction in plants?

Reproduction by a single organism without gametes Signup and view all the answers

At what stage does the plant life cycle alternate between haploid and diploid generations?

Fertilization Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a flower in angiosperms?

To enable cross-fertilization and offspring dispersal Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the angiosperm plant produces microspores?

Microsporangium Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the female reproductive part of an angiosperm?

Carpel/pistil Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about angiosperms is true?

They are terrestrial and lack locomotion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the male reproductive part (stamen) in an angiosperm?

To produce microspores that develop into the male gametophyte Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the female reproductive structure (carpel/pistil) in angiosperms?

Anther Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Plant Reproduction

Plant reproduction is the production of a new generation of individuals of the same species.
There are two methods of plant reproduction: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.

Sexual Reproduction

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two gametes to form a zygote.
It occurs in two distinct phases or "generations" (Alternation of generations).
The haploid gametophyte generation begins with a spore produced by meiosis.
The gametophyte generation produces gametes by mitosis.
Sexual reproduction then produces the diploid sporophyte generation.

Male Gametophyte Generation

The male gametophyte generation consists of a stamen, which comprises an anther and filament.
Meiosis of the diploid microspore mother cells in the anther produces four haploid microspores.
Each microspore develops into a pollen grain, consisting of a larger tube cell and a smaller generative cell/germ cell.
The germ cell divides by mitosis to produce two sperm cells.

Female Gametophyte Generation

The female gametophyte generation consists of a carpel/pistil, which comprises a stigma, style, and ovary.
Meiosis of the megaspore mother cell in each ovule produces four haploid cells: a large megaspore and three small cells that disintegrate.
The nucleus of the megaspore undergoes three successive mitotic divisions, producing eight nuclei.
The eight nuclei are distributed and partitioned off by cell walls to form the embryo sac, which is the mature female gametophyte generation.

Pollination and Fertilization

When a pollen grain reaches the stigma, it germinates into a pollen tube.
The germ cell divides by mitosis, forming two sperm cells.
The sperm cells, along with the tube nucleus, migrate down the pollen tube as it grows through the style, micropyle, and into the ovule chamber.
One sperm cell fuses with the egg cell, forming the diploid zygote.
The other sperm cell fuses with the polar nuclei, forming the endosperm nucleus.

Seed and Fruits Dispersal

Seed and fruits are structurally adapted for dispersal by air currents, water currents, and animals.
Examples of dispersal mechanisms include exploding fruits, hitchhiking fruits, and airborne seeds and fruits with wings or plumes.

Wind-Pollinated vs Insect-Pollinated Flowers

Wind-pollinated flowers have stamen hanging outside the flower to release pollen, feathery stigma to trap pollen, and produce a large quantity of pollen.
Insect-pollinated flowers have stamens enclosed within the flower, a small stigma, and produce less pollen.
Wind-pollinated flowers are non-scented and lack nectaries, while insect-pollinated flowers are scented and have nectaries.

Asexual Reproduction

Asexual reproduction requires only a single parent and does not involve haploid gametes or meiosis.
Asexual reproduction occurs by a single organism without the production of gametes.

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Description

Test your knowledge on plant reproduction with this quiz. Topics include methods of plant reproduction, parts of a flower, female and male reproductive parts, pollination, and fertilization. Get ready to differentiate between animal and plant life cycles!