30 Questions
What type of disease is caused by pathogens that can complete multiple life cycles within one crop season of the host plant?
Polycyclic disease
What is the term for a plant that is not related to the main host of a parasitic fungus, where it produces its different stages to complete one cycle?
Alternate host
What is the term for the effect of one or more environmental factors that makes a plant vulnerable to attack by a pathogen?
Predisposition
What is the term for a mutually beneficial association of two or more different kinds of organisms?
Symbiosis
What is the term for an abrupt appearance of a new characteristic in an individual as a result of an accidental change in genes present in chromosomes?
Mutation
What is the term for any reduction in the quality or quantity of yield or loss of revenue resulting from crop injury?
Cop Damage
What is the term for the organism that grows on a non-living substrate within a living plant?
Saprophyte
What is the ability of a pathogen or parasite to cause disease known as?
Pathogenicity
What is the term for the sequence of events that occur during disease development?
Pathogenesis
Who forwarded the four essential procedural steps for correct diagnosis of a disease?
Robert Koch
What is the process by which a pathogen enters a host plant?
Inoculation
What is the term for a parasite that is able to survive and reproduce in the absence of its host?
Facultative saprophyte
What is the primary goal of the isolation step in identifying the causal organism of a disease?
To isolate the pathogen in pure culture
What is the purpose of the re-isolation step in Koch's postulates?
To verify the cultural characteristics of the pathogen
What type of changes occur in the host plant during pathogenesis?
Both morphological and physiological changes
What is the effect of the pathogen on the host plant's growth?
It inhibits the growth of the host plant due to growth regulators
What is the significance of the inoculation step in Koch's postulates?
It helps to verify the pathogen's ability to cause disease
Who added the re-isolation step to Koch's postulates?
E.F. Smith
What is the effect of abnormality in respiration on host tissues?
Disturbed permeability of cell membrane
Why is 'management' of a disease more practical than 'control'?
Because management is a continuous process
How many basic concepts or principles of plant disease management are there?
Six
What is the objective of avoidance of the pathogen?
To plant a crop at times when inoculum is inactive
What is required to prevent the spread of a disease?
Legislative measures
What is impacted by the effect on the process of translation and transcription?
Protein synthesis
What is the main objective of eradicating a pathogen?
To eliminate or destroy inoculum at the source
What is the purpose of treating seed and planting materials?
To exclude inoculum of the pathogen
What is the role of quarantine regulations in plant disease management?
To exclude inoculum of the pathogen
What is the purpose of crop rotation in plant disease management?
To avoid the pathogen
What is the purpose of sanitation of the field in plant disease management?
To eradicate the pathogen from the source
What is the purpose of biological control of plant pathogens?
To eradicate the pathogen from the source
Test your knowledge of plant diseases caused by pathogens, including multiple cycle diseases and heteroecious fungi. Learn about alternate hosts and environmental factors that contribute to disease predisposition.
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