Plant Kingdom Characteristics and Functions Quiz

Functions of Roots

• Main function of roots: anchor the plant into the ground, providing stability and support.
• Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil, essential for plant growth and health.

Characteristics of the Plant Kingdom

• Organisms in the plant kingdom are primarily autotrophic, meaning they produce their own food through photosynthesis.
• Plant cells contain chloroplasts and a rigid cell wall made of cellulose.

Functions of Leaves

• Primary function of leaves: site of photosynthesis where plants convert sunlight into energy.
• Leaves have a large surface area to maximize light absorption.

Transport Structures

• Xylem is responsible for the transport of water and dissolved nutrients from the soil to different parts of the plant.
• Phloem transports sugars produced during photosynthesis to various parts of the plant.

Study of Plant Morphology

• Primary focus of plant morphology: the study of the form and structure of plants, including leaves, stems, roots, and reproductive structures.

Photosynthesis Structures

• Chloroplasts, located primarily in the leaves, are responsible for the production of food (glucose) through photosynthesis.

Floral Parts Function

• Floral parts in flowering plants mainly serve the purpose of reproduction, facilitating pollination and the development of seeds.

Root Stability Role

• Roots provide stability to plants by securing them in the soil, helping prevent uprooting by wind and water.

Root Growth Region

• The region of the root responsible for elongation is called the zone of elongation, where cells expand and contribute to root length.

Root Hairs Function

• Delicate, thread-like structures called root hairs increase the surface area for absorption of water and nutrients.

Root Cap Role

• The root cap protects the growing tip of the root and aids in the penetration of the soil as the root grows.

Meristematic Activity in Roots

• Meristematic activity occurs in the root tip, in the area called the apical meristem, where new cells are produced for growth.

Cell Changes Near Elongation

• Cells proximal to the region of elongation begin to differentiate and mature, leading to the development of specialized root tissues.