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Questions and Answers
Which pests are known to cause damage similar to some foliar diseases?
Which pests are known to cause damage similar to some foliar diseases?
- Grasshoppers
- Aphids (correct)
- Caterpillars
- Beetles
What effect do stem borers and root grubs have on plants?
What effect do stem borers and root grubs have on plants?
- They increase nutrient absorption significantly.
- They enhance water uptake.
- They affect water uptake and can cause wilting. (correct)
- They promote leaf growth.
What leaf condition can be confused with symptoms of leaf blight?
What leaf condition can be confused with symptoms of leaf blight?
- Leaf drooping
- Leaf burn caused by pesticides (correct)
- Leaf curling
- Powdery mildew
How can poor nutrition affect plant health?
How can poor nutrition affect plant health?
What soil condition can significantly stress a plant by interfering with root growth?
What soil condition can significantly stress a plant by interfering with root growth?
Which environmental condition is most likely to facilitate infection by pathogens?
Which environmental condition is most likely to facilitate infection by pathogens?
What symptom is caused by both nitrogen deficiency and certain root diseases?
What symptom is caused by both nitrogen deficiency and certain root diseases?
What is the main indicator of a plant's health?
What is the main indicator of a plant's health?
What can excessive drought lead to in plants?
What can excessive drought lead to in plants?
What factor is NOT mentioned as influencing plant health?
What factor is NOT mentioned as influencing plant health?
Why is effective weed control important in integrated disease management?
Why is effective weed control important in integrated disease management?
Which process is NOT performed by healthy specialized cells in a plant?
Which process is NOT performed by healthy specialized cells in a plant?
What is one potential impact of insect pests on plants?
What is one potential impact of insect pests on plants?
Which practice helps manage plant health and maximizes farmer profits?
Which practice helps manage plant health and maximizes farmer profits?
What is a consequence of competition between weeds and crops?
What is a consequence of competition between weeds and crops?
Which factor is crucial in diagnosing plant health conditions?
Which factor is crucial in diagnosing plant health conditions?
What term describes diseases caused by temperature, moisture, soil pH, and similar factors?
What term describes diseases caused by temperature, moisture, soil pH, and similar factors?
What is a key characteristic of noninfectious diseases in plants?
What is a key characteristic of noninfectious diseases in plants?
Which of the following symptoms indicates a noninfectious disease in plants?
Which of the following symptoms indicates a noninfectious disease in plants?
How do noninfectious diseases affect the plant?
How do noninfectious diseases affect the plant?
What factor is NOT included in the abiotic agents that can cause plant diseases?
What factor is NOT included in the abiotic agents that can cause plant diseases?
What was the reported population of Ireland in 1840?
What was the reported population of Ireland in 1840?
Which disease was associated with the Great Bengal Famine of 1942?
Which disease was associated with the Great Bengal Famine of 1942?
How much of Sri Lanka's coffee production was lost due to coffee leaf rust?
How much of Sri Lanka's coffee production was lost due to coffee leaf rust?
When was the lethal yellowing disease first found in mainland Florida?
When was the lethal yellowing disease first found in mainland Florida?
What was the estimated economic loss caused by Cadang-cadang disease in the Philippines?
What was the estimated economic loss caused by Cadang-cadang disease in the Philippines?
What proportion of the corn crop was destroyed by downy mildew before chemical treatment was discovered?
What proportion of the corn crop was destroyed by downy mildew before chemical treatment was discovered?
How many coconut palm trees were reported dead or dying in Dade County by 1975 due to lethal yellowing?
How many coconut palm trees were reported dead or dying in Dade County by 1975 due to lethal yellowing?
What was a significant consequence of the loss in yield of the rice crop in Bengal during the Second World War?
What was a significant consequence of the loss in yield of the rice crop in Bengal during the Second World War?
How does crop history assist in diagnosing plant diseases?
How does crop history assist in diagnosing plant diseases?
What environmental condition specifically exacerbates the impact of root rot diseases in plants?
What environmental condition specifically exacerbates the impact of root rot diseases in plants?
What specific crop family is highlighted as increasing the risk of bacterial wilt due to soil-borne pathogens?
What specific crop family is highlighted as increasing the risk of bacterial wilt due to soil-borne pathogens?
Which statement accurately describes the term 'plant disease'?
Which statement accurately describes the term 'plant disease'?
What role does weather history play in the assessment of plant diseases?
What role does weather history play in the assessment of plant diseases?
What can contribute to a plant quickly wilting and dying when affected by root rot?
What can contribute to a plant quickly wilting and dying when affected by root rot?
Why is a structured diagnostic process recommended for plant diseases?
Why is a structured diagnostic process recommended for plant diseases?
What factor can lead to the quick demise of a plant suffering from root rot in dry conditions?
What factor can lead to the quick demise of a plant suffering from root rot in dry conditions?
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Study Notes
Plant Health
- A plant is healthy when it can function at its genetic potential.
- Plant health is important for crop yield and farmer income.
- Factors that affect plant health include: weeds, insect pests, pesticides, nutrition, soil conditions, and environment.
- Understanding these factors is important for diagnosing plant health.
- Weeds compete with crops for resources, so effective weed control is crucial.
- Insect pests can cause damage similar to diseases and act as vectors for pathogens.
- Pesticides can cause leaf damage that mimics disease symptoms.
- Poor nutrition can cause growth problems similar to those caused by root rot pathogens.
- Soil conditions that affect root growth can stress plants and increase susceptibility to diseases.
- Environmental factors like extreme temperatures and humidity can promote disease development.
Plant Disease
- Plant disease is a disturbance caused by a pathogen or environmental factor that affects the plant's ability to function.
- It results in changes in appearance and reduced yield compared to healthy plants.
- Plant diseases are categorized as abiotic (non-infectious) and biotic (infectious).
- Abiotic disorders are caused by environmental factors like temperature, moisture, and soil pH.
- Biotic diseases are caused by pathogens like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes.
- Plant diseases can lead to significant economic losses and impact food security.
Plant Disease Examples
- The Great Famine in Ireland was caused by potato blight.
- Brown spot disease in rice has caused significant epidemics in India and Bangladesh.
- Coffee leaf rust devastated coffee production in Sri Lanka.
- Lethal yellowing disease has killed thousands of coconut palms in Florida and other countries.
- Cadang-cadang disease has severely impacted coconut production in the Philippines.
- Downy mildew of corn has been a major threat to corn crops in the Philippines.
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