Plant Growth and Photosynthesis

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the ability of roots to change their morphology in response to environmental conditions?

  • Phenotypic variation
  • Rhizosphere diversity
  • Morphological adaptability
  • Root plasticity (correct)

Which type of shoot system includes stems that are typically above ground and have nodes and internodes?

  • Subterranean shoots
  • Lateral shoot structures
  • Aerial shoots (correct)
  • Rhizome systems

In what type of habitat would you expect to find plants with needle-like leaves?

  • Tropical rainforests
  • Desert ecosystems
  • Arctic tundras (correct)
  • Temperate deciduous forests

Which plant structure may develop into reproductive structures like flowers?

<p>Apical buds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of shoot system is favored in lush environments with high light availability?

<p>Tall shoot systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the phenomenon where leaves exhibit changes in response to varying growth conditions such as sunlight and water availability?

<p>Leaf plasticity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a plant's root system?

<p>Anchor the plant in the substrate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do plants require nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium?

<p>To make their own food via photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a plant is responsible for absorbing water and dissolved nutrients?

<p>Root system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a plant's root and shoot systems to have a high surface area to volume ratio?

<p>To determine the rate of absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the shoot system of a plant?

<p>Harvest light and carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do many root systems include lateral roots in addition to a taproot?

<p>To absorb water and dissolved nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cork cambium primarily generate towards the exterior of a root, trunk, or branch?

<p>Cork (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of growth is only possible for species with cambia?

<p>Secondary growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is bark mainly composed of?

<p>Vascular cambium and secondary phloem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the tree accumulates compounds like resins and gums for protective functions?

<p>Heartwood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lenticels in trees?

<p>Gas exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Sclereids?

<p>Structural support (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell walls do Secondary cell walls contain?

<p>Cellulose and lignin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues make up the Vascular Tissue System?

<p>Xylem and Phloem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Tracheids in the Xylem?

<p>Conduct water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to Sieve-tube elements after maturing?

<p>They remain alive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Sieve-tube elements in the Phloem?

<p>Conducting sugars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of stomata in plants?

<p>Regulate gas exchange and water loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plant tissue is responsible for most of the photosynthesis and carbohydrate storage in plants?

<p>Parenchyma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of collenchyma tissue in plants?

<p>Provide flexible structural support for growing parts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes parenchyma cells from collenchyma cells in plants?

<p>Ability to retain totipotency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of trichomes on plant surfaces?

<p>Limit transpiration and reduce water loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes sclerenchyma tissue from other plant tissues?

<p>Cells that are alive at functional maturity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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