Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes the aerenchyma in aquatic plants?
What characterizes the aerenchyma in aquatic plants?
What is the role of the abscission layer in plants?
What is the role of the abscission layer in plants?
Which enzymes are involved in the separation of the abscission layer cells?
Which enzymes are involved in the separation of the abscission layer cells?
What happens to chlorophyll during the abscission process?
What happens to chlorophyll during the abscission process?
Signup and view all the answers
What does programmed cell death (PCD) result in during the development of unisexual flowers?
What does programmed cell death (PCD) result in during the development of unisexual flowers?
Signup and view all the answers
In the plant physiology context, what is defined as 'stress'?
In the plant physiology context, what is defined as 'stress'?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of tyloses that form in plants?
What is the primary function of tyloses that form in plants?
Signup and view all the answers
What process occurs in the outer layer of cells following abscission?
What process occurs in the outer layer of cells following abscission?
Signup and view all the answers
What process leads to the death of plant parts due to senescence?
What process leads to the death of plant parts due to senescence?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of senescence occurs gradually throughout the year in certain plants?
Which type of senescence occurs gradually throughout the year in certain plants?
Signup and view all the answers
In what environmental condition is senescence observed to occur more quickly?
In what environmental condition is senescence observed to occur more quickly?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of proteolytic enzymes during senescence?
What is the main function of proteolytic enzymes during senescence?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cells die and disappear to ensure efficient water transport in plants during maturity?
What type of cells die and disappear to ensure efficient water transport in plants during maturity?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does leaf abscission primarily take place in plants?
Where does leaf abscission primarily take place in plants?
Signup and view all the answers
What common stress can trigger accumulation of ABA leading to senescence?
What common stress can trigger accumulation of ABA leading to senescence?
Signup and view all the answers
What anatomical change marks the abscission zone in leaf abscission?
What anatomical change marks the abscission zone in leaf abscission?
Signup and view all the answers
What causes the folding of leaflets in plants such as Mimosa pudica in response to stimuli?
What causes the folding of leaflets in plants such as Mimosa pudica in response to stimuli?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of movement is observed in plants like Drosera and Dionaea in response to touch?
Which type of movement is observed in plants like Drosera and Dionaea in response to touch?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of Ca2+ ions in the mechanism of seismonastic movement?
What is the role of Ca2+ ions in the mechanism of seismonastic movement?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the plant primarily exhibits movement in response to stimuli such as touch?
Which part of the plant primarily exhibits movement in response to stimuli such as touch?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition causes flexor cells in the pulvinus to become turgid?
What condition causes flexor cells in the pulvinus to become turgid?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to extensor cells when they become flaccid in response to touch?
What happens to extensor cells when they become flaccid in response to touch?
Signup and view all the answers
Which cells are primarily responsible for sensing mechanical stimuli in thigmonastic movements?
Which cells are primarily responsible for sensing mechanical stimuli in thigmonastic movements?
Signup and view all the answers
In the mechanism of seismonastic movement, what happens to the plant cells upon stimulation?
In the mechanism of seismonastic movement, what happens to the plant cells upon stimulation?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes the function of parenchymatous cells in the context of plant movements?
What characterizes the function of parenchymatous cells in the context of plant movements?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason that mimosa plants fold their leaves upon touch?
What is the primary reason that mimosa plants fold their leaves upon touch?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Plant Growth and Development
- Plants mature from meristematic cells through differentiation.
- Dedifferentiation is the regaining of the ability to divide in differentiated cells.
- Redifferentiation is the maturation of cells after division to perform specific functions.
- Plant plasticity is the ability of plants to adapt to various environments.
Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs)
- Plant growth regulators are chemical messengers synthesized in minute quantities in one part of the plant and transported to another, influencing physiological processes.
- Five major groups of plant hormones are: auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid.
- Recently, brassinosteroids and polyamines have also been classified as plant hormones.
Auxins
- Auxins are plant hormones that promote cell elongation and growth in stems and coleoptiles.
- They also influence root growth, differentiation, and the development of lateral roots.
- Naturally occurring auxins include Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), Indole Propionic Acid (IPA), Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), and Phenyl Acetic Acid (PAA).
- Synthetic auxins include 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, and NAA.
Gibberellins
- Gibberellins are plant hormones involved in stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering.
- They stimulate cell division and elongation, promoting growth.
Cytokinins
- Cytokinins are plant hormones that promote cell division and differentiation, along with delaying aging and senescence.
- They affect the development and growth of lateral buds in presence of apical buds.
Ethylene
- Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that regulates ripening of fruits and induces the abscission of leaves.
- It also plays a role in flowering and promotes the development of fruits.
Abscisic Acid (ABA)
- ABA is a plant hormone that inhibits growth and promotes seed dormancy.
- It influences the closing of stomata and helps plants adapt to stress.
Plant Movements
- Plant movements are a response to external or internal stimuli.
- Autonomic movements are spontaneous.
- Paratonic movements are induced by external factors.
- Tropic movements are directional in response to a stimulus.
- Nastic movements are non-directional (independently of the stimulus).
Photoperiodism
- Photoperiodism is the response of a plant to the length of day and night, affecting flowering.
- Long-day plants flower when days are long, while short-day plants flower when days are short.
- Day-neutral plants are not affected by photoperiod for flowering.
Vernalization
- Vernalization is the process by which plants require low temperatures to induce flowering.
- It is essential for certain plants to complete their life cycle.
Seed Germination and Dormancy
- Seed germination is the process where a seed develops into a seedling under suitable environmental conditions.
- Seed dormancy is a delay in germination, which is influenced by various external and internal factors.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fascinating processes of plant growth and development in this quiz. Learn about meristematic cells, plant hormones, and the various stages of cell differentiation. Test your understanding of plant plasticity and the role of growth regulators in botanical physiology.
