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Match the following parts of a plant cell with their functions:
Match the following parts of a plant cell with their functions:
Plasmodesmata = Connects two plant cells Cell wall = Maintains cell shape Central Vacuole = Stores pigments Chloroplast = Site of photosynthesis
Match the following organelles with their descriptions:
Match the following organelles with their descriptions:
Cytoplasm = Gel-like substance inside the cell Nucleus = Contains chromatin and nucleolus Golgi apparatus = Modifies and packages proteins Mitochondria = Powerhouse of the cell
Match the following components of the endoplasmic reticulum with their characteristics:
Match the following components of the endoplasmic reticulum with their characteristics:
Smooth ER = Involved in lipid synthesis Rough ER = Studded with ribosomes Cytoskeleton = Provides structural support Peroxisome = Breaks down fatty acids
Match the following structures with their roles in plant cells:
Match the following structures with their roles in plant cells:
Match the following plant cell components with their functions in cell maintenance:
Match the following plant cell components with their functions in cell maintenance:
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Study Notes
Parts of a Plant Cell
- Plasmodesmata: Facilitate communication and exchange of substances between adjacent plant cells through small channels.
- Cell Wall: Composed of cellulose, it provides structural support, protects against mechanical stress, and maintains the cell shape.
- Plasma Membrane: Semi-permeable barrier that regulates the entry and exit of substances, essential for cell homeostasis.
- Cytoplasm: Jelly-like substance that fills the cell, containing organelles and facilitating cellular processes.
- Central Vacuole: Large, membrane-bound compartment that stores nutrients and waste products; crucial for maintaining turgor pressure against the cell wall.
- Cytoskeleton: Network of protein filaments (microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments) that maintain cell shape, assist with intracellular transport, and enable cell division.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):
- Smooth ER: Lacks ribosomes; involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.
- Rough ER: Studded with ribosomes; plays a key role in the synthesis and packaging of proteins.
- Nucleus: Encases genetic material (chromatin); features a double-membraned nuclear envelope and a nucleolus for ribosome production.
- Chloroplast: Organelles containing chlorophyll that capture light energy for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy.
- Plastid: A category of organelles that store pigments and play roles in photosynthesis and storage (e.g., starch).
- Ribosomes: Protein synthesis machinery, can be free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER.
- Golgi Apparatus: Stacks of membranes that modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
- Mitochondria: Energy-producing organelles that generate ATP through cellular respiration, often termed the powerhouse of the cell.
- Peroxisome: Contains enzymes that detoxify harmful substances and metabolize fatty acids, playing a role in cellular metabolism.
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