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Questions and Answers
What is the main advantage of using the bulk population strategy in crop improvement?
What is the initial step in the single seed descent method?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of the crop improvement process described?
What does single seed descent primarily aim to achieve?
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Why is delaying artificial selection until later generations significant?
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Which generation does the single seed descent method aim to advance to quickly?
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What is the role of natural selection in the bulk population crop improvement strategy?
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What is a critical aspect involved in the assembly and maintenance of cultivars within crop improvement?
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What is the primary purpose of the advanced yield test?
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Which organization governs the evaluation of variability in crop improvement?
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What is the minimum number of locations required for a general yield test?
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How many replications are required for the advanced yield test?
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Which Act governs the processes related to the Seed Industry in the given context?
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What is the primary purpose of full-sib family selection?
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Which step follows the selection of superior full-sib families in the breeding process?
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From which type of crosses are full-sib families generated?
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What is a critical initial step in the crop improvement process?
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In the context of crop improvement, what is meant by 'evaluation'?
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What is the primary goal of mass selection in breeding?
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Which of the following best describes pure line selection?
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What is the foundational theory behind pure line selection?
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In mass selection, what criterion is primarily used to discriminate individual plants?
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Which statement about mass selection is true?
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Which of the following activities is NOT part of the breeding process in crop improvement?
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What does the 'assembly and maintenance of germplasm' typically refer to in the context of breeding?
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Which selection method would be preferable when aiming for a stable, homogeneous population?
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Which of the following is NOT a quality attribute tested for seeds?
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What must be achieved for seeds to receive an official certification tag?
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Which of the following crops requires seed testing?
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What is the purpose of tagging in the seed certification process?
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Which quality attribute assesses the physical condition of the seeds?
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What does varietal purity refer to in seed testing?
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Which factor is NOT typically evaluated when assessing seed quality?
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How does seed health impact the overall quality of seeds?
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Study Notes
Plant Breeding Methods
- Mass selection is the oldest method to improve self-pollinated plants.
- Mass selection may be also applied to cross-pollinated crops.
- Pure line selection was developed in 1903 by Johannsen. Repeated cycles of selfing follow the initial selection from a mixture of homozygous lines.
- Bulk population strategy is a method of crop improvement that utilizes natural selection directly in the early generations and delays artificial selection until later generations.
- Single seed descent is used to accelerate breeding by inbreeding a population prior to individual plant selection and evaluation, and to reduce genotype loss during segregating generations.
- Full-sib family selection is a method in which superior families are generated from biparental crosses using parents from a base population.
Seed Certification in the Philippines
- The National Seed Industry Council (NSIC), created by Republic Act 7308 (Seed Industry Development Act) in 1992 governs the seed certification process.
- Seed certification requires testing of seeds for quality attributes such as germination, purity, varietal purity, moisture content, seed health, vigor, and mechanical injury.
- Seed certification applies to various crops, including agricultural and vegetable seeds, tree and shrub seeds, and flower, spice, herb, and medicinal species seeds.
- Certified seed is labeled with a tag indicating the results of seed analysis.
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Description
This quiz covers essential plant breeding methods including mass selection, pure line selection, bulk population strategy, and more. Additionally, it delves into seed certification processes in the Philippines, emphasizing the role of the National Seed Industry Council. Test your knowledge on these important agricultural concepts.
