Plant Biology: Vegetative Growth Quiz

A heart-shaped leaf with a notch at the base.

Leaf shaped like an equilateral triangle.

A long, narrow leaf with almost parallel sides.

A leaf longer than wide, widest below the middle.

An egg-shaped leaf with the petiole at the broader end.

One leaf per stem node.

Two leaves per stem node, opposite each other.

Paired leaf appendages at the base of the petiole.

A bud located at the base of a leaf, where it attaches to the stem.

A leaf with a single, undivided blade.

A leaf with a blade divided into leaflets.

One part of a compound leaf.

Veins arranged like a feather.

Veins radiating from a central point like fingers on a hand.

A compound leaf with feather-like leaflets attached along a central axis.

A compound leaf with leaflets radiating from a central point.

A modified leaf or leaflet of a climbing plant, used to coil around objects for support.

Monocot leaves are made of a blade (flattened part) and a sheath (cylindrical part that surrounds the stem).

In monocot leaves, leaf veins run parallel from base to tip without branching.

The junction between the leaf blade and sheath.

Structures found at the collar, used for identifying different cereal crops.

Roots anchor plants, absorb water and nutrients from the soil, and sometimes store food.

Monocots have a fibrous root system with many thin roots branching from a central point, while dicots have a taproot system with a single main root.

Stems support leaves, transport water and nutrients, and sometimes store food.

Determinate growth has a defined stopping point, while indeterminate growth continues indefinitely.

Annual plants complete their life cycle in one year, biennials in two years, and perennials live for multiple years.

Leaves are the primary sites of photosynthesis, producing food for the plant. They also help with transpiration and gas exchange.

Monocot leaves have parallel veins and a sheath, while dicot leaves have branched veins and a petiole.

A simple leaf has a single, undivided blade, while a compound leaf has multiple leaflets attached to a central axis.

Areas in a plant where cell division occurs, responsible for growth. They are like the plant's 'growth factories'.

The meristem at the tip of a shoot (stem) that produces new leaves, flowers, and other above-ground structures. This is where the plant grows taller.

The meristem at the tip of a root that produces new root cells, allowing the plant to anchor itself and absorb water and nutrients.

Tiny extensions on the root surface that increase the surface area for absorbing water and nutrients, increasing its efficiency.

The first root that develops directly from the radicle (part of the seed) in a seedling.

Roots that develop from other parts of the plant, like the stem, instead of the radicle.

Adventitious roots that form from the stem nodes of monocots, like cereal crops.

Stems grow upright and are strong enough to support themselves. Examples include sunflowers and trees.

Stems are weak and lie flat on the ground. They may root at nodes where they touch the soil. Examples include portulaca and prostrate pigweed.

Stems are weak but can wrap around objects for support. They sense and touch objects for support. Examples include wild buckwheat and clematis.

The stem of a cereal crop. It is typically cylindrical and hollow (except at nodes).

A side shoot that grows from an axillary bud at a stem node. It develops secondary roots from its lower nodes.

A joint on a stem where leaves or tillers grow, often solid in cereal crops.

The segment of a stem between two nodes. They elongate as the plant grows.

The process of dicot plants producing new shoots from axillary buds, located in the leaf axils.

A growth pattern where the plant stops growing at a specific point, like a flower blooming.

A growth pattern where the plant continues growing indefinitely, producing new shoots and leaves.

The process where plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce their own food (sugars).

The process where plants lose water vapor through small pores in their leaves, helping to cool the plant and draw water and nutrients upward.

The stalk-like structure that attaches a leaf blade to the stem.

When a leaf blade is directly attached to the stem without a petiole.

Cereal leaves consist of a flat, elongated blade and a cylindrical sheath that wraps around the stem.

Veins in cereal leaves run parallel from the base to the tip without branching.

A membranous flap of tissue located just inside the collar of a cereal leaf, oriented upward toward the leaf tip.

Small, membranous projections at the sides of the collar of a cereal leaf, positioned at the outward edges.